s. What is the difference between classical/respondent and operant conditioning?
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s. What is the difference between classical/respondent and operant conditioning? Give an example of each. 6. What is shaping? 7.Compare and contrast short-term, working, long-term memory s. Describe 2 strategies to increase the duration of short-term memory. Create your own original example of a free recall, cued recall, and recognition test for the same topic. Which do you think is best for ensuring your student has "learned" the material? Why? io. What's the difference between algorithms and heuristics? i. Give an original example of a top-down and bottom-up process. Which requires preattentive or attentive processes? Why?Explanation / Answer
5) Classical conditioning was discovered by a russian scientist Ivan Pavlov .It was an experiment on dogs,and the finding was everytime the bell rang the dog salivated.This expalins that an association with two stimuli elicits a response.Operant conditioning is where the behaviour is modified through reward and punishment.The behaviour is understood through the action and consequences that follow it.
6) Shaping is the behavioural techniques used in operant conditioning.The process of establishing a behaviour through succesive approximations to a desired response is called shaping.For example a coach will reward each time his student tries to achieve a goal.As he repeatedly does it ,the student is motivated to achieve the goal.
7) Short term memory is the ability to store information for a short period of time and to retrieve it in a short span.For example if we were to call someone we memorize the telephone number and retrieve it as we call them.Working memory is also a short term memory consisting of componenets such as visuospacial sketchpad,central executive,phonological loop.Long term memory is the final storage and it can retrieve information which was stored earlier.for example we are sometimes able to recall events in our childhood .
8) One can improve memorizing techniques,for example associate it with something that you can remember, constantly recollecting the information or repetition helps in short term memory.
10) An algorithm is sound and complete and very specific ,if you are travelling from your house to college ,you do not stop in between or take a break.Heuristic helps you to look for an answer.It slike solving a puzzle to get from your house to college,no proper information.
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