Hardy-Weinberg questions, I\'m stuck. These photos are the background to the que

Question

Hardy-Weinberg questions, I'm stuck. These photos are the background to the questions I need help with, the questions are also on that page. Please help!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

http://i304.photobucket.com/albums/nn165/hoashd1hoashd/image1_zps531e432e.jpeg

Q 1: http://i304.photobucket.com/albums/nn165/hoashd1hoashd/image2_zps5cb174a8.jpeg

Q 2: http://i304.photobucket.com/albums/nn165/hoashd1hoashd/image3_zpsfbb46cef.jpeg

Q 3 & 4: http://i304.photobucket.com/albums/nn165/hoashd1hoashd/image4_zps610b7693.jpeg

http://i304.photobucket.com/albums/nn165/hoashd1hoashd/image5_zpsb64ec614.jpeg

Q 5,6, & 7: http://i304.photobucket.com/albums/nn165/hoashd1hoashd/image6_zps97eb9951.jpeg

Q 8, 9, & 10: http://i304.photobucket.com/albums/nn165/hoashd1hoashd/image7_zps47c56611.jpeg

Q 11, 12, & 13: http://i304.photobucket.com/albums/nn165/hoashd1hoashd/image8_zps58737912.jpeg

Q 14: http://i304.photobucket.com/albums/nn165/hoashd1hoashd/image9_zps18ce1864.jpeg

Explanation / Answer

Answer

The hardy-weinberg law states that allele frequencies in a population remain constant.

Lets start with basics.

Assume that there are two alleles for a trait one is dominant, D and other is other is recessive, d

The population will have three types of genotype with respect to this gene

That is DD, Dd and dd

What do you think is the proportion of each genotype in the population?

Will it be 1/3 for each genotype ?

The answer is NO

The proportion of each genotype depends on evolutionary factors like selective advantage, mate choice, genetic drift e.t.c.

If we reverse the reasoning then it means that if the evolutionary factors are constant then the proportion of a particular genotype in the population remains constant.

This reasoning is leading us towards hardy-weinberg law.

Instead of frequency of genotype (like Dd or DD) , this law talks about frequency of alleles (like d or D).

Let us denote frequency of allele D by FD and that of allele d by Fd.

For the sake of ease of writing (typing) , let us assume that the number of individuals having the genotypes DD, Dd and dd are denoted by N(DD), N(Dd) and N(dd) and number of individuals in total population is denoted by T

Now, FD = {N(Dd) + 2 x N(DD)}/ 2x T

Here, N (DD) are counted double because there are two alleles per individual

Hence, FD= N(Dd)/2T + N(DD)/T =

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