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ting Prompt MY Editor- MY Tutor® writer's Model Edior Oriy MJACCESS arning: Operant Conditioning Paychologists like B. F. Skinner have studied how we can use operant conditioning to change the behavior o person or animal whose behavior you want to change.(You may select your own behavior for this question if you wish,) How could you use operant conditioning to change the behawa of this person or animal? people and animals Drawing on your personal experience, choose a In a multi-paragraph essay, describe your plan to change this behavior. Be sure to mention what type of reinforcer and reinforcement schedule you would use and explan why made those particular choices. Include information from clas matorials, readings, and research on oprant conditioning to suort your deciasion Styles : NomalExplanation / Answer
Note: This response is in UK English, please paste the response to MS Word and you should be able to spot discrepancies easily. You may elaborate the answer based on personal views or your classwork if necessary. Also, I had to mention Pavlov’s work because Skinner’s work is derived from Pavlov.
(Answer) Classical Conditioning – Ivan Pavlov’s classical conditioning would involve creating either a positive or negative reinforcement over a period of time. The goal would be to create a trigger in the sub-conscious mind of the individual to adapt to certain behavioural patterns as desired.
Operant Conditioning – While classical conditioning encourages reflexive behaviour, operant conditioning is behaviour that is calibrated by reward or punishment. Basically, this is behaviour that is reinforced by the consequence as opposed to a trigger like in classical conditioning.
Case study: John Smith is in 2nd grade. John tends to be distracted and misbehaved as compared to other students in his class. He runs in the corridors, gets up from his seat in the middle of class, forgets his homework and often talks to a girl who he tends to distract.
Also, John stares out the window sometimes and fails to concentrate on the goings on in class.
Plan details and methods – Firstly, most schools have a bell that rings to make sure students get into the class on time, form a queue when necessary or assemble in an orderly fashion when necessary. This could be reinforced with John. Whenever the bell rings for the students to obey instructions, the teacher could especially go to John and give him explicit instructions. For instance, when the bell rings for the students to finish their recess and enter the class, the teacher could go immediately to John and instruct him to get into the class like the rest of his friends. After a couple of days, John would probably take the school bell a bit more seriously and conform to the rules like the rest of his classmates.
Through operant conditioning, it would be prudent to make John answer a simple question every now and then or handle a project for the class regularly. When he does so with distinction, the teacher should reward him with encouraging words, a gold star or any such positive rewards. This would perhaps be an incentive for John to continue to concentrate in class and be diligent.
John could perhaps be made to sit away from the girl he talks to frequently. As a reward, both these students could be put on long projects together once in a while. This would enable them to handle these projects outside of school and spend adequate time talking with each other. The novelty of having long chats in class could perhaps fade away if they were to have time outside of class or during projects to work together and communicate.
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