Question 12 (20 points) (a) What is rule utilitarianism, and how does it differ

Question

Question 12 (20 points) (a) What is rule utilitarianism, and how does it differ from act utilitarianism? (b) Describe one strength/advantage of utilitarianism in general. (c) Using an example (actual or fictitious), describe one objection to/weakness of act utilitanianism that rule utilitarianism answers/avoids. (d) Using an example (actual or fictitious), descnbe one objection to/weakness that neither act nor rule utilitarianism appears able to answer/avoid. Save Previous Page Next Page Page 12 of 14 Save All Responses Go to Submit Quiz F12 Inse F11 5 7 8 9 0 6 O P H J K L

Explanation / Answer

a. Rule utilitarianism asserts that the moral correctness of an action depends on the correctness of the rules that allows it to achieve the greatest good. On the other hand, act utilitarianism emphasises that an action becomes morally right when it produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

b. One of the greatest strengths of utilitarianism its emphasis on ensuring maximising good and minimising harm. This method of decision making encourages individuals to think deeply about the ultimate purpose and consequences of their actions.

c. Act utilitarianism can be used to justify almost any act if it is produced happiness. For example, if we were to constantly shower praises to our friends, it would probably make them very happy. However, lying would create a lesser joy than the truth, because perhaps by learning the truth our friends would be better able to work on developing themselves. This is what rule utilitarianism addresses, it compels individuals to assess the value of the consequences of an act when making a choice.

d. Rule utilitarianism and act utilitarianism produces difficulties in certain practices, such as slavery, that appears to be morally unacceptable, because minor interests are not protected. According to rule utilitarianism however, as long as there are more masters than slaves, it may seem that slavery is resulting in the greater good for the greater number.

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