11. Consider the following (entirely hypothetical and rather silly) statistic: \
ID: 3445198 • Letter: 1
Question
11. Consider the following (entirely hypothetical and rather silly) statistic: "Eating broccoli three times a week decreases the risk of cancer of earlobe by 74%." As discussed in lecture, by itself this statistic has no meaning. To give it meaning, we would need to know: a) the base rate of cancer of the earlobe. b) the risk factors for cancer of the earlobe. c) the mortality rate for cancer of the earlobe. d) Whether insurance is likely to cover treatment for earlobe cancer 12. Which of the following is NOT among the four ways to exert control in true experiments as described in lecture (text only discusses three)? a) Random assignment to conditions b) Conditions and procedures held constant c) Control groups d) Probability sampling 13. Consider the following study. Researchers are interested in determining the relationship between chronic illness early in childhood and academic performance and social relationships in adolescence. The researchers suspect that the experience of early chronic illness has negative effects later in life. The researchers enlist a large sample of adolescents and obtain detailed childhood medical histories for each student. They then compare these childhood medicalrecords against the student's academic records in adolescence. They also take various student's satisfaction with their social relationships. What type of study is this? a) Naturalistic observation b) Survey c) True experiment d) Correlational study of the 14. Consider the following study: Researchers are interested in determining the proportion of American female high school seniors who have experienced sexual harassment by a teacher. The researchers create an anonymous computerized questionnaire to ask a probability sample of high school women about their experiences. After analyzing the data, the researchers determine that only a very small percentage of female high school seniors have been sexually harassed by a teacher. What type of study is this? a) Naturalistic observation c) True experiment d) Correlational study b)True tionalExplanation / Answer
11. The correct answer is Option A. For this statistic to have meaning, it is important to know the base rate of earlobe cancer to accurately ascertain the decrease in the rate.
12. The correct answer is Option C. Control groups is not among the ways to enter control in true experiments.
13. The correct answer is Option D. This is an example of a correlational study.
14. The correct answer is Option C. This is an example of a survey.
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