4) For each statistical study,identify whether it\'s an observational study or e

Question

4) For each statistical study,identify whether it's an observational study or experimental design. lfit's an observational study, identify the individual, response variable, and lurking variable. If it's an experimental design, identify the experimental unit, treatment, and placebo. (5 points) a. The mayor of a city observed and recorded the number of casino employees and crime rate for each of the last 10 years. Although he discovered that higher number of casino employees implies higher crime rate, it may not be a cause of crime rate, but the lack of police stations may be a contributing factor of crime rate. (2.5 points) A company wants to test the effectiveness of a new gum developed to help people quit smoking. A group of smokers is randomly selected and is divided into two different groups. The first group receives the nicotine gum and the other group receives the fake gum. (2.5 points)

Explanation / Answer

a.

As there are no treatments involved in the study, this is an observational study.

Individual - Number of casino employees in the city

Response variable - Crime rate in the city

Lurking variable - Number of police stations in the city

b.

As, there is a treatment involved in the study which is providing a nicotine gum or not to two groups, the study is an experimental design.

Experimental Unit - Smokers

Treatment - Providing Nicotine gum

PLacebo - Providing fake gum

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