q) [3 pts] Looking solely at the elections since the 20th century appears a bit
ID: 3367958 • Letter: Q
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q) [3 pts] Looking solely at the elections since the 20th century appears a bit arbitrary. Below we break down the US Presidential elections into three sets of data, each of them looking at the proportion of elections during a different time frame which were won by the taller candidate. The research question remains "Is the taller candidate more likely to win a US Presidential election?"Match each of the following p-values with its corresponding data set. (Hint: You should be able to answer this question only based on the sample sizes and statistics, without using an applet.) Data Sets 1. Elections from 1796 (Adams) to present P-values A. 0.174 B. 0.395 C. 0.961 24 (n 41, p =-= 0.5854 41 2. Elections from 1960 (Kennedy) to present (n- 14,p-0.5714) Elections from 1796 (Adams) to 1900 (McKinley) (n- 16,p-0.3215) 3. 16 2. Look back at exploration 1.2, where 3/27 people chose the tap water as the most preferable among the 4 options a) [3 pts] Suppose instead that 6/54 people had chosen the tap water, but all other aspects of the study were unchanged. Would each of the following change or stay the same? Whether the test was one- or two-sided: Sample size: Distance between the sample statistic and the null hypothesized value Change Stay the same Change Stay the same Change Stay the same b) Suppose instead of 6/54 people had chosen the tap water. A student concluded the evidence against the null hypothesis would become weaker because now 6 people chose the tap water instead of only 3. What would you say to this student? c) Select one answer in each set of brackets For the sake of this exercise, let's say the researchers were interested in whether people show either a dislike OR a preference for tap water (that people were not selecting a water cup at random) Comparing this new study to the old study, and using the original statistic (3/27) for both studies, double halve not change this new line of thinking would the p-value from the original study, making the stay the same stronger weaker evidence against the null hypothesisExplanation / Answer
As the sample increases, standard error decreases. And as the statistics increases, test statistics is also increased. As the test statistics increases, chances of rejecting the null hypothesis also increased so p-value decreases.
(1)
Since this has largest sample size and largest statistics among three so p-value should be smallest.
Hence, correct option is A.
(2)
Correct option is B.
(3)
Correct option is C.
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