Data from a cross-sectional study of patients with malignant melanoma are shown

Question

Data from a cross-sectional study of patients with malignant melanoma are shown below. For a sample of 400 patients, the site of the tumour and its histological type were recorded.

Carry out an appropriate analysis that examines the relationship between the type of melanoma and where it is situated, and comment on the significance of these variables.

SITE Tumour type Head and Neck Trunk Extremities Total Hutchinson’s melanotic freckle 22 2 10 34 Superficial spreading melanoma 16 54 115 185 Nodular 19 33 73 125 Indeterminate 11 17 28 56 Total 68 106 226 400

Explanation / Answer

## By using the Minitab

Chi-Square Test: Head and Neck, Trunk, Extremities

Expected counts are printed below observed counts
Chi-Square contributions are printed below expected counts

Head
and
Neck Trunk Extremities Total
1 22 2 10 34
5.78 9.01 19.21
45.517 5.454 4.416

2 16 54 115 185
31.45 49.03 104.53
7.590 0.505 1.050

3 19 33 73 125
21.25 33.13 70.63
0.238 0.000 0.080

4 11 17 28 56
9.52 14.84 31.64
0.230 0.314 0.419

Total 68 106 226 400

Chi-Sq = 65.813, DF = 6, P-Value = 0.000

H0: There is no relationship between the type of melanoma and the site of the tumour.

Vs

H1: There is a relationship between the type of melanoma and the site of the tumour.

here the P-value 0.000 indicate that there is a relationship between the type of melanoma and the site of tumor, since we reject the null hypothesis at 5% level of significance.

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