roblem #9 omplete the following calculations and provide an explanation of your

Question

roblem #9 omplete the following calculations and provide an explanation of your findings: study of hypertension begins with 1,000 men (ages 40-45). Of the 1,000 men, 50 are lready hypertensive. The remaining 950 are tracked over the span of five years, during which time 64 additional men develop hypertension. (Assume there is no loss to follow- up or death due to competing risks). 1. Determine the prevalence of hypertension at the beginning of the study 2. Calculate the five-year incidence proportion (risk) of hypertension. 3. Calculate the incidence rate of hypertension in the cohort with and without an actuarial adjustment. Did the actuarial adjustment make a difference? Explain your answer. 5 L UNiVERSITY

Explanation / Answer

ans)) Total population taken=1000(given)

Number of people already hypertensive=50(given)

Number of people developed hypertension after the study has started=64

Part a) Prevalence Rate: It is commonly defined as the number of people who are already affected by the disease at a particular given time. It is the ratio of total number of existing cases of a disease upon total number of population.

Prevalence rate at the beginning of the study= 50/1000=5%

Part b) To calculate 5year incidence proportion risk of hypertension:

Incidence proportion-It is also commonly known as cumulative incidence is the number of new cases developed within a specified period divided by the size of the population at initially at risk.

Incidence Proportion=65/950=0.0684=6.84%

Part c)Incidence rate with or without the actuarial adjustment=

Actuarial adjustment: IT is the revision of values based on experience or study in order to gain benefits.

Total person engaged in the study during the 5 year time period=950*5=4750

Incidence rate without actuarial adjustment=new cases/total person in total time

=64/4750=0.013473=1.34%

Incidence rate with actuarial adjustment=64/(886*5+64*5/2)=64/4590=0.01394=1.39%

Since the Incidence rate is is less without actuarial adjustment, it implies that some the individual developed diseases between 5 years span but did not contribute for complete 5 years.

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