13. Using Excel Conducting a single-factor, independent-measures ANOVA Aa Aa Dr.

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13. Using Excel Conducting a single-factor, independent-measures ANOVA Aa Aa Dr. Nicolas Guegen uses observational methods to study how certain kinds of environmental stimuli influence human behavior. In one study, he manipulated the volume of music played in bars to see how it would impact patrons' drinking behaviors. Trained observers recorded the minutes to finish a drink, the number of drinks ordered, and the number of swallows to finish a drink by several patrons in two establishments. The sound level was manipulated in both establishments, and all observations occurred over three Saturday nights. Dr. Guegen used two sound levels in his study as determined by the noise level of the music playing: a normal sound level of 72 decibels (dB), which is similar to traffic noise on a busy street, and a louder high-volume level of 88 dB, which is similar to noise from a lawn mower. He reported significant differences in the minutes to finish a drink and the number of drinks ordered, but not the number of swallows to finish a drink. [Source: Gueguen, N., Jacob, C., Le Guellec, H., Morineau, T., & Lourel, M (2008). Sound level of environmental music and drinking behavior: a field experiment with beer drinkers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 32, 1795-1798.] Suppose you conduct a similar study, except that you add one additional sound level condition: no music playing. You focus on whether there are differences in the bar's revenue during the observation period for the three different noise conditions. You randomly sample 42 bars in a large metropolitan area and randomly assign each to one of the three sound level conditions. Each of the 42 bars were observed during the same duration of time on the same Saturday night. To see your hypothetical data, download the following spreadsheet by clicking on the following words in bold Download Excel File Assume your study design and data satisfy the normality and independence requirements for the single-factor analysis of variance for a completely randomized design. In addition, assume that the variance of the bars' revenues within each of the experimental conditions is the same. Use Excel to conduct an analysis of variance to test the nondirectional null hypothesis Ho: ?no music-?normal-?oud. Use a significance level of ? = 0.05 The F statistic for this test is , and the p-value is Given this p-value, which of the following best describes the results? O The null hypothesis is not rejected, meaning that the data does not provide evidence that the bar's revenue is O The null hypothesis is rejected, meaning that the data provides evidence that the bar's revenue is affected by O The null hypothesis is not rejected, meaning that the data provides evidence that the bar's revenue is affected O The null hypothesis is rejected, meaning that the data does not provide evidence that the bar's revenue is affected by the level and/or type of sound in the bar the level and/or type of sound in the bar by the level and/or type of sound in the bar affected by the level and/or type of sound in the bar In these hypothetical results of your study, the group with the lowest sample average is

Explanation / Answer

Following is the output of one way ANOVA generated by excel:

The F test statistics is

F = 7.05

The p-value is:

p-value = 0.0024

Since p-value is less than 0.05 so we reject the null hypothesis.

2nd option is correct.  

Anova: Single Factor SUMMARY Groups Count Sum Average Variance no music 14 12636 902.5714286 227456.1099 normal (72 dB) 14 19930 1423.571429 227437.956 loud (88 dB) 14 22417 1601.214286 330226.0275 ANOVA Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit Between Groups 3691799.2 2 1845899.595 7.053314305 0.002429 3.238096 Within Groups 10206561 39 261706.6978 Total 13898360 41

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