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2. As Table below are changes scores for students who were randomly assigned to

ID: 3314767 • Letter: 2

Question

2. As Table below are changes scores for students who were randomly assigned to four different instruction programs. Using the dummy variable method, (a numerical variable used in regression analysis to represent subgroups of the sample in your study. In research design, a dummy variable is often used to distinguish different treatment groups), How would you perform analysis of variance on this data. No calculation needed just a detailed explanation.

program 1             program 2        program 3        program 4

       10                        12                       8                           10

         8                           7                       9                          9

       11                         10                      10                         8

        7                          14                      11                           7

      9                            8                        9                            6

      13                          11                        7                            5

      10                           9                       13                            4

      12                          13                      10                            3

Explanation / Answer

The dummy variable method is used to encode the categorical independent variables.
Also, for performing Analysis of Variance, the independent variables have to be categorical.

Categorical variables imply that the observation belongs to a particular single category, Category A or Category B etc.  

However, for the data provided, all the variables are scores, implying continuous variables. Hence, neither Anova nor dummy variable method can be performed on the dataset.