Lab 3 LAB 3-The Atmosphere, Pressure, and Winds Key Ideas Atmosphere Troposphere
ID: 3308540 • Letter: L
Question
Lab 3 LAB 3-The Atmosphere, Pressure, and Winds Key Ideas Atmosphere Troposphere Electromagnetie spectrum Ground radiation Environmental lapse rate Normal environmental lapse rate Temperature inversion Marine influence Atmospherie pressure Wind Pressure gradient Coriolis effect Cyclones & anticyclones Discussion The Atmosphere The atmosphere consists of a zone of gas molecules that surrounds the earth. The gas molecules are held there by the earth's gravitational force, which acts to pull objects toward the center of the earth. Earth's gravitational force varies in strength with the mass of the other object. Gases dont have much mass, thus they are not pulled all that close to the center of the earth. Water, which as a liquid is denser than the atmospheric gas molecules, is held somewhat closer to the center of the earth than the gases are most of the earth's liquid water lies on the surface of the earth rather than in the air The earth's atmosphere is commonly divided into four layers. In this class we are most interested in the troposphere, which is the lowest atmospheric layer-the one that troposphere extends upwards from the surface reaching a thickness that varies between 5 and 10 miles. The troposphere consists of components of variable misture and components of constant mixture. The most abundant components of variable mixture are water vapor (gaseous water) and very small airborne solids, known as particulates. Water vapor and particulates enter the atmosphere from the surface of the earth, and the amount of each varies considerably over space and time. The most abundant components of constant mixture are the gases nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and carbon dioxide. The amounts of the several other gases are so small that, to three decimal places, nitrogen, oxygen, argon and carbon dioxide make up 100 00% of the troposphere's components of constant mixture (Table 3.1) Table 3-1 78.082% 20.945% 0.934% 0.039% 100.000% nitrogen (N:) oxygen (0:) argon (Ar) arbon dioxide (CO) totalExplanation / Answer
2) Vertical temp. lapse rate is 3.5 oF /1000 ft
difference in height between the two point = 12600 -3170 = 9430 ft
temp . at the lower place = 68 F
temp. at the higher place = 68 - 3.5*9.430 = 34.995 F
3) temp. at 8370ft height = 88 F
altitufde at the lower place( Colorodo river) = 2375 ft
difference in alt. = 8370 - 2375 = 5995 ft
temp . at the bottom level = 88 + 3.5 *5.995 = 108.98 oF
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