1. A rock is thrown up and to the right. Ignore air resistance. Does the horizon

Question

1. A rock is thrown up and to the right. Ignore air resistance. Does the horizontal component of momentum stay constant during the rock’s flight? Does the vertical component stay constant?

2. A catapult launches a cow toward King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table. The cow starts traveling up and to the right, and the catapult recoils to the left. If the friction between the ground and catapult wheels is negligible, is the horizontal component of momentum conserved in the cow-catapult system? Why or why not? Is the vertical component of momentum conserved in the cow-catapult system? Why or why not?

Explanation / Answer

1. Since there is no horizontal Force, therefore from the application of Newtons Second Law, horizontal component of momentum stays constant,

While, since gravity is acting downward, therefore vertical component of momentum will not be constant.

2. Yes, Since there is no horizontal Force, the horizontal component of moment of cow-catapult system remains constant.

While, again since gravity is acting downward, which is an external Force, thereefore as a consequence of Newtons Second Law , Vertical Component of Momentum of Cow-Catapult system will not be constant

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