Nondifferential misclassification (where cases and controls are equally likely t

Question

Nondifferential misclassification (where cases and controls are equally likely to forget details about their exposure histories) tends estimates of effect that are: Underestimated (closer to the null value than they should be) Exaggerated (further from the null value than they should be) Sometimes exaggerated, sometimes underestimated Highly variable When investigating an outbreak of a disease, where patents do net come from a well-defined group of people, which of the following designs makes the most sense? Prospective cohort Retrospective cohort Case-control Case-crossover In a nested case-control study, Cases and controls come from a previously defined cohort study Cases and controls come from an existing case-control study Cases act as their own controls None or the above

Explanation / Answer

6. The nondifferential misclassification is one of the two misclassifications (subjects's exposure is erroneously stated), where, inaccuracies with respect to disease classification is independent of the exposure of the subjects. In case of two categories of classification, nondifferential classification tends to estimate the effect that are underestimated. Option b and c cannot be right and option d is wrong. Correct answer is option a.

7. It is said that while investigating the outbreak of a disease the patients do not come from well defined group, this discards options a and b, as cohort refer to well defined group. Case control study is the suitable one, as people with disease (cases) and people without disease (controls) are identified from a population and odds ratio are calculated to measure the strength of association among illness and exposure. Further odds ratio are compared among cases and controls. Here, in the study, the risk factor/exposure of the disease is not transient, therefore, case cross over study is not suitable. Answer-case control.

8. In case of nested case-control study, the researcher uses case-control sampling strategy, where, the cases and controls come from the existing case control study. In nested case control study, cohort represent the source population that give rise to the cases. Options a, c and d are therefore, wrong. Ans>cases and controls com efrom an existing case control study.

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