Part I: True/False (true=a; false=b) _______. Suppose that an argument concludes

Question

Part I: True/False (true=a; false=b)

_______. Suppose that an argument concludes that Y has feature F on the basis of Y’s being very similar to X and X’s having feature F. The argument is weak if there are any disanalogies between X and Y.

_______. A sample can be representative of the population in some respects without it being representative of the population in all respects.

_______. It is generally very difficult to show that X causes Y, in large part because X’s being correlated with Y can be accounted for in so many different ways.

_______. In a controlled experiment, the independent variable is the alleged causal factor and the dependent variable is the alleged effect of the independent variable.

_______. In general, it is easier to know that (i) this A caused this B than it is to know that (ii) As cause Bs; indeed, our best way of knowing statements like (ii) is by inferring them from many instances of statements like (i).

Explanation / Answer

Ans:

True :Suppose that an argument concludes that Y has feature F on the basis of Y’s being very similar to X and X’s having feature F. The argument is weak if there are any disanalogies between X and Y.

False. A sample can be representative of the population in some respects without it being representative of the population in all respects.

True. It is generally very difficult to show that X causes Y, in large part because X’s being correlated with Y can be accounted for in so many different ways.(as being correlated does not meas that X causes Y,we have to perform cause and effect or regression to know the relationship)

True. In a controlled experiment, the independent variable is the alleged causal factor and the dependent variable is the alleged effect of the independent variable.(Independent variable=cause,dependent variable=effect)

True. In general, it is easier to know that (i) this A caused this B than it is to know that (ii) As cause Bs; indeed, our best way of knowing statements like (ii) is by inferring them from many instances of statements like (i).

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