It was postulated that the increasing rate of hip fractures among elderly women

Question

It was postulated that the increasing rate of hip fractures among elderly women may be related to women now having longer femoral necks than previous generations. Fifty two X- ray pictures taken in the 1950's were compared to 52 similar pictures taken in the 1990's. All the X-rays had been taken for routine diagnostic purposes with the same equipment in the same rheumatology unit. The following table appeared: Mean (standard deviation) dimensions of proximal femur in 52 elderly white women in New Zealand in 1950s compared with those of 52 in 1990s Assuming that these samples were Normally distributed, which test would be used to test the alternate hypothesis that the length of femoral neck has increased in different generations? A. One sample t-test B. Two tailed Paired t-test C. Two tailed two sample unpaired t-test D. One tailed Paired t-test E. One tailed two-sample unpaired t-test

Explanation / Answer

Answer

The test that would be used is -

(D) One tailed Paired t-test

Explanation since it is to tested whether the length of femoral neck has increased in different generations, so it is clearly a one tailed test.

And paired t-test because a paired t-test is used to compare two population means where you have two samples in which observation in one sample can be paired with observation in the other sample.

And here in this question, the length of femoral neck has to be tested but for different generations, so they are paired.

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