9.48 Do antioxidants prevent cancer? People who eat lots of fruits and vegetable

Question

9.48 Do antioxidants prevent cancer? People who eat lots of fruits and vegetables have lower rates of colon cancer rich in "antioxidants" such as vitamins A, C, and E. Wil taking antioxidants help prevent colon cancer? A medical experiment studied this question with 864 people who were at risk of colon cancer. The subjects were divided into four groups: daily beta carotene, daily vitamins C and E, all three vitamins every day, or daily placebo. After four years, the researchers were surprised to find no significant difference in colon cancer among the groups.25 (a) What are the explanatory and response variables in this experiment!

Explanation / Answer

a) explanatory variables - anti oxidants

response variable - colon cancer

b)

i) randomly assign the 865 people to four groups of 216 people

ii) give each of the subjects in the four groups a treatment – either daily beta

carotene, daily vitamin C and E, all three vitamins, or a daily placebo – for 4

years

iii) compare rates of colon cancer among the different groups

c)it means they blindly belived that eating fruits and vegetables helps in preventing cancer

d)

“No significant difference” means that there was no difference beyond whatwould be expected due to chance variations

e) they are the variables related to healthier styles

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