The table summarizes data on smoking status and perceived risk of smoking and is

Question

The table summarizes data on smoking status and perceived risk of smoking and is consistent with summary quantities obtained in a Gallup Poll conducted in November 2002. Assume that it is reasonable to consider these data as representative of the U.S. adult population.

(a) What is the probability that a randomly selected U.S. adult is a former smoker? (Give the answer to four decimals places.)


(b) What is the probability that a randomly selected U.S. adult views smoking as very harmful? (Give the answer to four decimals places.)


(c) What is the probability that a randomly selected U.S. adult views smoking as very harmful given that the selected individual is a current smoker? (Give the answer to four decimals places.)


(d) What is the probability that a randomly selected U.S. adult views smoking as very harmful given that the selected individual is a former smoker? (Give the answer to four decimals places.)


(e) What is the probability that a randomly selected U.S. adult views smoking as very harmful given that the selected individual never smoked? (Give the answer to four decimals places.)


(f) How do the probabilities computed in Parts (c), (d), and (e) compare?

probabilities decreaseprobabilities increase   

Explanation / Answer

number of us adults = 300

a)

number of former smokers = 72 + 19 + 3 + 2 = 96

probability = 96/300 = 0.32

b)

number of people who view smoking as very harmful

= 59 + 72 + 95

= 226

probability = 226/300 = 0.7533

c)

number of current smokers = 59 + 33 + 5 + 1 = 98

probability = 59/98 = 0.602

d)

probability = 72/96 = 0.75

e)

number of never smoked people = 95 + 8 + 2 + 1 = 106

probability = 95/106 = 0.8962

f)

probabilities increase

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