. In a social psychology experiment, 56 students are asked to wait individually

Question

. In a social psychology experiment, 56 students are asked to wait individually outside a closed door. While they are sitting outside the room waiting their turn, a person who is either well dressed or shabbily dressed walks toward them carrying a large notebook filled with loose papers. Under the pretext of stumbling, the person drops the notebook, spilling a large number of papers on the floor. The experiment is designed to find whether there is a difference in willingness to aid a stranger as a function of whether the stranger is well or shabbily dressed.

            Of the 26 participants exposed to the well-dressed clumsy person, 20 helped and 6 continued to wait their turn in the experiment. Of the 30 participants exposed to the shabbily dressed clumsy person, 10 helped. Construct the appropriate 2 X 2 table and apply the chi-square test. Test at alpha .05.

Explanation / Answer

a. First we will draw the Observed Table

Null HYpothesis : H0 : Helping habits are independent of dressing sense of a person.

ALternative Hypothesis : Ha : Helping habits are dependent of dressing sense of a person.

Expected Table

chi - square value = X2 = (20-13.93)2 /13.93 + (6 - 12.07)2 /12.07 + (10 - 16.07)2 /16.07 + (20 - 13.93)2 /13.93

= 10.64

so critical value for dF = (2-1) * (2-1) = 1 and alpha = 0.05

X2 cr = 3.891

so X2 >  X2 cr so we can reject the null hypothesis and can say that Helping habits are dependent of dressing sense of a person.

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