Abbey Alkon, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, studies

Question

Abbey Alkon, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, studies the effects of pesticide exposure on young children's autonomic nervous system reactivity as a part of the Center for the Health Assessment of the Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) research project. Autonomic nervous system reactivity is the way the autonomic nervous system responds to stress, and individual differences in autonomic reactivity have been associated with a variety of types of psychopathology. Suppose that you select matched sets of children with no exposure, low-level exposure, and high-level exposure to pesticide. The three children in each set are matched according to their ages. The methods of the repeated-measure ANOVA can also be used in the case of a matched-subjects design. In this matched-subjects design, there are n = 4 matched sets who are tested in k = 3 treatment conditions, producing a total of N = 12 scores. Each of these scores is a measure of the child's autonomic nervous system reactivity. Although the scores within the matched set come from three different children, you can use the methods of the repeated-measure ANOVA by considering the scores as coming from the same child with three repeated measures. The following data are two hypothetical outcomes for the experiment. For each outcome, compute the between-treatments variance, between-subjects variance, and error variances. Then compute the F-ratio. The between-treatments variance is ____. The between-treatments variance is ___. The between-subjects variance is ___. The between-subjects variance is ______. The error variance is ____. The error variance is _____. The F-ratio for treatments is _____. The F-ratio for treatments is ________. Comparing outcome A to outcome B, outcome A has ____ between-treatments variance than outcome B. Outcome A has ____ between-subjects variance than outcome B. Therefore, outcome A has a ____ F-ratio.

Explanation / Answer

following information has been generated using given information for outcomeA

Between-treatments variance is=371.083

Between subject variance is=9.889

Error variance is=0.639

F-ratio for treatment=580.83

Between-treatments variance is=0.75

Between subject variance is=1120.3056

Error variance is=0.3056

F-ratio for treatment=2.45

Comparing outcome A to outcome B, outcome A has more between treatmens variance than outcome B. Outcome A has less between subject varince than outcome B. Therefore , outcome A has a significant (241.62) F-ratio.

Source DF Sum of Squares Mean Square F Value Pr > F Model 5 771.833 154.367 241.62 <.0001 Error 6 3.83333 0.63889 Corrected Total 11 775.667 R-Square Coeff Var Root MSE outcomeA Mean 0.995058 0.77728 0.79931 102.833 Source DF Anova SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F set 3 29.6667 9.88889 15.48 0.0031 pesticide 2 742.167 371.083 580.83 <.0001

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