Use P-Value Instead. How do you know whether to reject or accept null hypothesis

Question

Use P-Value Instead. How do you know whether to reject or accept null hypothesis for this problem?

The U.S. Supreme Court considered a case involving the exam for firefighter lieutenant in the city of New Haven, Connecticut. Results from the exam are shown in the table below. Is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that results from the test should be thrown out because they are discriminatory? Use a 0.01 significance level. Assume all requirements are met Use the critical value of testing hypothesis.

Explanation / Answer

Critical 2 value = 6.635

Since 4.42 < 6.635, we fail to reject Ho

There is no sufficient evidence that the results are discriminatory

Since 0.0355 > 0.01, we fail to reject Ho

There is no sufficient evidence that the results are discriminatory.

Chi-square Contingency Table Test for Independence    Passed   Failed   Total   White Observed   17 16 33 Expected   12.81 20.19 33.00 O - E   4.19 -4.19 0.00    (O - E)² / E   1.37 0.87 2.24 Minority Observed   9 25 34 Expected   13.19 20.81 34.00 O - E   -4.19 4.19 0.00 (O - E)² / E   1.33 0.85 2.18 Total Observed   26 41 67 Expected   26.00 41.00 67.00 O - E   0.00 0.00 0.00 (O - E)² / E   2.71 1.72 4.42 4.42 chi-square 1 df .0355 p-value

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