A study investigated whether sleeping less than 5hrs per day was associated with

Question

A study investigated whether sleeping less than 5hrs per day was associated with depression. 200 people who were diagnosed with depression at a clinic were asked how many hours a day they slept on average over the past 3 months. Of these, 44 mentioned that they slept less than 5hrs/day and 156 slept more than 5hrs per day. 400 healthy people without depression who were seen at the same clinic were also asked the same question. Among these 89 slept less than 5hrs/day and 311 slept more than 5hrs/day. Create the 2 times 2 table based on this Information. What is the prevalence of people sleeping less than 5hrs per day in the overall study population? a. 22 b. 7.8% c. 77.8% d. 22% Based on the design of this study, what is the most appropriate measure of association that can be calculated? a. Prevalence ratio b. Relative Risk c. Rate Ratio d. Odds Ratio Odds ratios can be calculated in all study designs. What is the odds ratio of sleeping less than 5hrs/day between participants with depression compared to participants without depression? a. 0.99% b. 0.99 c. 1.01 d. 101% Based on your calculation on the previous question, how would you describe the association between sleeping less than 5hrs/day and depression? a. It is protective b. It is a risk factor c. It is not related d. Impossible to determine The odds ratio described in question 58 is a: a. Disease odds ratio b. Exposure odds ratio c. Case odds ratio d. Control odds ratio

Explanation / Answer

=The 2x2 matrix is as follows

a)

people sleeping less than 5 hours 133 of 600

so 133/600 = 0.2216 = 22%

b)

a relative risk is obvious here as odds ratio are usually used when we have a treatment and control groups , so relative risk seems more appropriate here

c)

the odds ratio is calculated as

ad/bc

where

so 44*311/(156*89) = 0.9855 = 0.99

d) as the odds ratio is 0.99 , hence this means that 1 group has an odds of 0.99 than the other group

so it is a risk factor

Please note that we can answer only 4 subparts of a question at a time, as per the answering guidelines

Sleep Less than 5 more than 5 Total Depression Yes 44 156 200 No 89 311 400 Total 133 467 600

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