a. Briefly explain why this is an experiement, not an observational study? b. Fo

Question

a. Briefly explain why this is an experiement, not an observational study?

b. For this experiment clearly name the

i) Subjects studied ii) Factor iii) Levels of the factor iv) Response variables and their units v) Design of the experiment

c. Although blocks were not used in this experiement, suggest a possible blocking variable that could be used to subdivide the type 2 diabetic subjects, and briefly explain what the advantage night be in running the experiment as a randomized block design.

LIlypertens, 2007 n 25X1):227-34 The effect of vitamin E on blood pressure in individuals with type 2 diabetes No, Wu JH Clarke MW. Paddey IB, Burka V. Croft KD, Hodgson JM of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Westem Australia, Perth Australia Clinical Pathology and Biochemistry, Royal Perth Hospital. Perth, Australia. ECTIVEoxidative stress has been suggested to play a role the development of diabetes, hypertension and vascular dysfunction. Vitamin E, a major lipid-soluble dietary antioxidant, has two major dietary forms, alpha-tocopherol and gamma tocopherol. The potential importance of gamma tocopherol y been overlooked. Our be the effect of alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocopherol was to investiga supplementation on 24h ambulatory blood pressure (BP and heart rale, vascular function and oxidative individuals with type 2 diabetes, fty-eight individuals with type 2 diabetes were randomized double-blind, placebo- controlled trial. Participants were randomized to a daily dose of 500 mg/day RRR-alpha-1ocopherol, 500 mixed tocopherols or placebo for 6 weeks. RESULTS Treatment with alpha-tocopheroi significantly increased systolic BP i70 (32, 8.8) mmHg, P 00001 diastolic BP .0, 65 mmHg, P

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

a. Briefly explain why this is an experiment, not an observational study?

This is an experiment because there is an intervention of subjects by three treatment conditions.

b. For this experiment clearly name the

i) Subjects studied : 48 individuals with type 2 diabetes.

ii) Factor : Treatment (drug types)

iii) Levels of the factor : 3 levels (500mg/day RRR alpha tocopherol, 500mg/day mixed tocopherols, Placebo)

iv) Response variables and their units

BP in mmHg

Heart Rate in bpm

Vascular function

Oxidative stress

v) Design of the experiment

Randomized controlled trial (or randomized control trial; RCT)

c. Although blocks were not used in this experiment, suggest a possible blocking variable that could be used to subdivide the type 2 diabetic subjects, and briefly explain what the advantage might be in running the experiment as a randomized block design.

One possible blocking variable is walking or exercise. If we use walking   or exercise as blocking variable we might eliminate exercise difference and find the difference in three treatment conditions.

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