Statistics for Categorical Data: odds Ratios and Chi-square This assignment focu

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Statistics for Categorical Data: odds Ratios and Chi-square This assignment focuses on categorical data. Two of the statistics most often used to test hypotheses about categorical data are odds ratios (ORs) and the chi-square. The disease-OR refers to the odds in favor of disease in the exposed group by the odds favor of the unexposed group. statistics measure the difference between the observed counts and the corresponding expected counts. The expected counts are hypothetical counts that would occur if the null hypothesis were true. Part 1: ORs health hazards associated with the consumption of food local to a particular case chili peppers particular to Mexico. It was a population-based study in Mexico City on the between chili pepper consumption and gastric cancer risk. for the study consisted of 213 incident cases and 697 controls randomly selected from the general population. Interviews produced the following information regarding chili consumption Table 1: Chili Pepper Consumption and Gastric Cancer Risk Chili pepper consumption Case of gastric cancer Controls B 552 A 204 Yes 145 Reference Lopez-Carnllo, L., Avila, M. H., & Dubrow, R. (1994). Chili pepper consumption and gastric cancer in Mexico: A case-control study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 139 (3), 263-271 Note: You do not need to use the Minitab software to complete this assignment In a Microsoft Excel worksheet, calculate the odds of having gastric cancer

Explanation / Answer

Results are as folows from where we observe that there is no significant association between Hormone Use and Risk OF MI as chisqaure(1)=2.017, p=0.156>0.05.

Tabulated Statistics: Hormone Use, Risk OF MI

Using frequencies in Freuency

Rows: Hormone Use Columns: Risk OF MI

Cases Controls All

Currently USe 32 825 857
38.5 818.5
1.0844 0.0510

Never USe 56 1048 1104
49.5 1054.5
0.8418 0.0396

All 88 1873 1961

Cell Contents: Count
Expected count
Contribution to Chi-square

Pearson Chi-Square = 2.017, DF = 1, P-Value = 0.156
Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square = 2.049, DF = 1, P-Value = 0.152

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