In 2012, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the first over-the-count

Question

In 2012, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the first over-the-counter HIV testing kit, the OraQuick In-Home HIV Test. Example 10.11 told us that the sensitivity and specificity of a diagnostic test are determined experimentally. The OraQuick test was approved based on a study that examined the test results of a sample of 4410 adults from a high-risk population who did not yet know their HIV status. Each person’s actual HIV status was later confirmed via several other medical examinations. Here are the findings:

What is the sensitivity of OraQuick, P(positive test | HIV)? (Round your answer to 4 decimal places.)

What is the specificity of OraQuick, P(negative test | no HIV)? (Round your answer to 4 decimal places.)

Now use the study findings to find the approximate rate of HIV in this high-risk population. What is the positive predictive value of OraQuick, P(HIV | positive test), in this high-risk population? (Round your answer to 4 decimal places.)

In 2012, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the first over-the-counter HIV testing kit, the OraQuick In-Home HIV Test. Example 10.11 told us that the sensitivity and specificity of a diagnostic test are determined experimentally. The OraQuick test was approved based on a study that examined the test results of a sample of 4410 adults from a high-risk population who did not yet know their HIV status. Each person’s actual HIV status was later confirmed via several other medical examinations. Here are the findings:

What is the sensitivity of OraQuick, P(positive test | HIV)? (Round your answer to 4 decimal places.)

What is the specificity of OraQuick, P(negative test | no HIV)? (Round your answer to 4 decimal places.)

Now use the study findings to find the approximate rate of HIV in this high-risk population. What is the positive predictive value of OraQuick, P(HIV | positive test), in this high-risk population? (Round your answer to 4 decimal places.)

1 false-positive 105 true positives (HIV and positive test (no HIV and positive test 8 false negatives 4296 true negatives (HIV and negative test (no HIV and negative test

Explanation / Answer

sensitivity of OraQuick =P(positive test | HIV) =105/113=0.9292

specificity of OraQuick, P(negative test | no HIV) =4296/4297=0.9998

positive predictive value of OraQuick, P(HIV | positive test) =105/106=0.9906

HIV no HIV total postive test 105 1 106 negative test 8 4296 4304 total 113 4297 4410

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