2. What are the effects of repeated exposure to an advertising message? The answ
ID: 3221514 • Letter: 2
Question
2.What are the effects of repeated exposure to an advertising message? The answer may depend both on the length of the ad and on how often it is repeated. To investigate this question, assign undergraduate students (the subjects) to view a 40-minute television program that includes commercials for a digital camera. There are three versions of the commercial: a 30-second commercial, a 45-second commercial, and a 60-second commercial. For each version of the commercial, some subjects will see the commercial once during the program and others will see the commercial twice during the program. After watching the TV program, all the subjects fi ll out a questionnaire that produces an “intention to buy” score with values between 0 and 100.
The number of treatments in this study is
a. 4
b. 3
c. 2
d. 6
3.Elephants sometimes damage crops in Africa. It turns out that elephants dislike bees. They recognize beehives in areas where they are common and avoid them. Can this be used to keep elephants away from trees? A group in Kenya placed active beehives in some trees, empty beehives in others, while others received no beehives. Will elephant damage be less in trees with hives? Will even empty hives keep elephants away? The response in this experiment is
1.
the type of crop.
2. the presence or absence of hives.
3. the presence or absence of bees.
4. elephant damage.
4. The requirement that human subjects give their informed consent to participate in an experiment can greatly reduce the number of available subjects. For example, a study of new teaching methods asks the consent of parents for their children to be taught by either a new method or the standard method. Many parents do not return the forms, so their children must continue to follow the standard curriculum.
Why is it not correct to consider these children as part of the control group along with children who are randomly assigned to the standard method?
Because the control group must be chosen randomly. If the children in the control group are there because their parents refused to include them in the experiment, then there is a criterion for choice here, and the assignment is not truly random.
Because the criteria for choice must be identical in all groups. Therefore, if one group contains only children whose parents consented to include them in the experiment, the control group must contain only children whose parents did not consent to include them in the experiment.
Because children who participate in the experiment as a control group because their parents refused to include them in the experiment might be persuaded by their parents to disrupt the experiment.
None of the answers is correct.
5. In government data, a household consists of all occupants of a dwelling unit. Here is the distribution of household size in the United States:
Number of persons
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Probability
0.24
0.37
0.16
0.14
0.06
0.02
0.01
What is the probability (±± 0.001) of the event "more than four people live in this household"?
6. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) is a common "IQ test" for adults. The distribution of WAIS scores for persons over 16 years of age is approximately Normal with mean 103 and standard deviation 17.
The z-score (±± 0.01) corresponding to a WAIS score of 110 is .
What is the probability (±± 0.0001) that a randomly chosen individual has a WAIS score of 110 or higher?
1. Elephants sometimes damage crops in Africa. It turns out that elephants dislike bees. They recognize beehives in areas where they are common and avoid them. Can this be used to keep elephants away from trees? A group in Kenya placed active beehives in some trees and empty beehives in others, whereas others received no beehives. Will elephant damage be less in trees with hives? Will even empty hives keep elephants away?
Outline the design of an experiment to answer these questions using 72 acacia trees (be sure to include a control group).
3.Elephants sometimes damage crops in Africa. It turns out that elephants dislike bees. They recognize beehives in areas where they are common and avoid them. Can this be used to keep elephants away from trees? A group in Kenya placed active beehives in some trees, empty beehives in others, while others received no beehives. Will elephant damage be less in trees with hives? Will even empty hives keep elephants away? The response in this experiment is
1.
the type of crop.
2. the presence or absence of hives.
3. the presence or absence of bees.
4. elephant damage.
Random assignment Group 1 Treatment 1 24 trees Active hives Group 2 Treatment 2 Compare 24 trees Empty hive results M Group 3 Treatment 3 24 trees No hiveExplanation / Answer
Solution:-
2) The number of treatments in this study is 3.
There are three versions of the commercial: a 30-second commercial, a 45-second commercial, and a 60-second commercial.
3) The response in this experiment is Elephant damage.
4) Because the criteria for choice must be identical in all groups. Therefore, if one group contains only children whose parents consented to include them in the experiment, the control group must contain only children whose parents did not consent to include them in the experiment.
5) The probability of the event "more than four people live in this household" is 0.09
P(x > 4) = 0.06 + 0.02 + 0.01
P(x > 4) = 0.09
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