Smoking remains more common in much of Europe than in the United States. In the
ID: 3220951 • Letter: S
Question
Smoking remains more common in much of Europe than in the United States. In the United States, there is a strong relationship between education and smoking: well-educated people are less likely to smoke. Does a similar relationship hold in France? Here is a two-way table of the level of education and smoking status (nonsmoker, former smoker, moderate smoker, heavy smoker) of a sample of 457 French men aged 20 to 60 years. The subjects are a random sample of men who visited a health center for a routine checkup. We are willing to consider them an SRS of men from their region of France.
The null hypothesis states that there is no relationship between these variables. That is, the distribution of smoking is the same for all three levels of education.
(a) Find the expected counts for each smoking status among men with a university education. This is one row of the two-way table of expected counts. Find the row total and verify that it agrees with the row total for the observed counts.
Use two decimals for the expected counts and a whole number for the total.
(b) We conjecture that men with a university education smoke less than the null hypothesis calls for. How does comparing the observed and expected counts in this row confirm this conjecture? Select all that apply
The heavy-smoker count is more than expected.
The nonsmoker count is lower than expected.
The heavy-smoker count is less than expected.
The nonsmoker count is higher than expected.
Education Smoking Status Nonsmoker Former Moderate Heavy Primary school 55 52 42 34 Secondary school 39 43 27 33 University 55 29 34 14Explanation / Answer
a)
b)
The heavy-smoker count is less than expected.
The nonsmoker count is higher than expected
O Non smoker Former Moderate Heavy TotalRelated Questions
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