The U.S. Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibited discrimination against
ID: 3219039 • Letter: T
Question
The U.S. Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibited discrimination against people with physical disabilities. One recent study explored how physical handicaps affect people’s perception of employment qualifications. Researchers prepared five videotaped job interviews, using the same two male actors for each. A set script was designed to reflect an interview with an applicant of average qualifications. The tapes differed only in that the applicant appeared with a different handicap. In one he appeared in a wheelchair; in a second, he appeared on crutches; in another his hearing was impaired; in aforth, he appeared to have one leg amputated; and in the final tape, he appeared to have no handicap. Seventy undergraduates from a U.S. university were randomly assigned to view the tapes, fourteen to each tape. After viewing the tape, each subject rated the qualifications of the applicant on a 0 – 10-point applicant qualification scale. The question is, do subjects systematically evaluate qualifications differently according to the candidates handicap? (a) Is this study an observational study or a randomized experiment? Explain your answer. (b) Who are the subjects in this case? (c) What is the explanatory variable in this case? What is the response variable? (d) What are the ‘treatments’ in this case?
Explanation / Answer
(a) This is a randomized experiment because we randomly assign 70 undergraduates to view the tapes of job interviews of 5 types. Such that, 14 students are assigned to each type of tape.
(b) The subjects are 70 undergraduates from a U.S. university.
(c) The explanatory variable is the different types of videotaped job interviews (based on 5 types of physical disabilities)
The response variable refers to university students.
(d) The treatment is 5 types of physical disabilities based on which videotaped job interviews were prepared.
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