In a textbook, should a new scientific law be first presented with equations or

Question

In a textbook, should a new scientific law be first presented with equations or verbally without equations? To test this, 18 Technology students were invited to participate in a study to teach Pascal's principle describing presure in fluid. Half of the students were randomly chosen to receive a written explanation with equations, while the other half recieved a written explanatin in which the relationships were described without equations. After reading the explanatory passage, each student was given a test over the material.

Respond to the following questions:

1(a) Formulate a research hypothesis appropriate for this study.

1(b) State the Null hypothesis in words

1(c) Write the Null hypothesis in symbols

2. Explain why the students were randomly assigned to the groups, rather than allowing them to choose which method they preferred?

3. The researcher analyzed the data with t-test. Explain and justify that decision.

Explanation / Answer

1 (a) If we introduce new scientific law with equation then better outcome in learning (test score) as compared with verbally without equation

1(a) Null Hypothesis: There is no difference in test score over the material for a new scientific law presented between with equation and without equation

1(c) H0 =      test score over the material with equation = test score over the material without equation

2. Students were randomly assigned to the group to avoid any selection bias which may underestimate or overestimate the results. It is essential to assign subject randomly to avoid any selection bias   

3. The researcher analysed the data using t-test to test the mean difference in test score over the material between two group ( test score obtained over material with equation group vs test score obtained in a test over material in without equation group). To compare the difference in mean score between two groups, then t-test is the Ideal test.

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