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Typographic errors in a text are either nonword errors (as when \"the\" is typed

ID: 3205953 • Letter: T

Question

Typographic errors in a text are either nonword errors (as when "the" is typed as "teh") or word errors that result in a real but incorrect word. Spell-checking software will catch nonword errors but not word errors. Human proofreaders catch 70% of word errors. You ask a fellow student to proofread an essay in which you have deliberately made 12 word errors. What is the smallest number of misses m with P(X m) no larger than 0.05? You might consider m or more misses as evidence that a proofreader actually catches fewer than 70% of word errors.

Explanation / Answer

Result:

Typographic errors in a text are either nonword errors (as when "the" is typed as "teh") or word errors that result in a real but incorrect word. Spell-checking software will catch nonword errors but not word errors. Human proofreaders catch 70% of word errors. You ask a fellow student to proofread an essay in which you have deliberately made 12 word errors. What is the smallest number of misses m with P(X m) no larger than 0.05? You might consider m or more misses as evidence that a proofreader actually catches fewer than 70% of word errors.

P(Success) = .7; P(Failure) = 1 - P(Success) = .3

we have a total of 12 trials. n=12

p= probability of misses= 0.3

P(X=x) = (nCx) px (1-p)n-x

Binomial Probabilities Table

X

P(X)

0

0.0138

1

0.0712

2

0.1678

3

0.2397

4

0.2311

5

0.1585

6

0.0792

7

0.0291

8

0.0078

9

0.0015

10

0.0002

11

0.0000

12

0.0000

From table P(X 7) no larger than 0.05.

The required number of misses = 7

Binomial Probabilities Table

X

P(X)

0

0.0138

1

0.0712

2

0.1678

3

0.2397

4

0.2311

5

0.1585

6

0.0792

7

0.0291

8

0.0078

9

0.0015

10

0.0002

11

0.0000

12

0.0000