Your study enrolls 10,000 adults age 18 years old between 2004-2005 who present

ID: 3196607 • Letter: Y

Question

Your study enrolls 10,000 adults age 18 years old between 2004-2005 who present at one of the Department of Motor Vehicles office throughout NJ for license renewal, first time licenses, registration services, etc. You conduct follow-up on these individuals for 5 years after enrollment. Information on cause of death is ascertained by reviewing death certificates, records from the Medical Examiner’s office, etc. At the end of the study, you have accumulated the following data n=180 total motor vehicle related deaths; among these 180 deaths, n=100 were due to driving in excess of the speed limit, n=45 deaths due to driving while intoxicated and n=35 deaths due to other, unidentified reasons (important note: all of these causes of death are mutually exclusive). You are able to construct the following two 2x2 tables with your cohort study data:

Table 1: Deaths related to driving speed:

Table 2: Deaths related to driving while intoxicated (DWI):

Question 1 of 12

Question 2 of 12

2. Based on data in Table 1, calculate the following:
a. Risk of death among those who were driving in excess of the speed limit (whole number) _______ per 1,000
b. Risk of death among those who were driving within the speed limit (whole number) ________ per 1,000
c. The cumulative incidence ratio of automobile-related death by driving speed (whole number) ________

Question 3 of 12

3.Based on data in Table 2, calculate the following:
a. Risk of death among those who were DWI (exposed - whole number) _________per 1,000
b. Risk of death among those who were not DWI (unexposed - whole number)________ per 1,000
c. The cumulative incidence ratio of automobile-related death by DWI (number only, 2 decimal places) _______

Question 4 of 12

Question 5 of 12

5.Calculate the risk difference for deaths:
a. by driving speed (whole number). ______per 1,000
b. by DWI status (whole number). ______per 1,000

Question 6 of 12

Question 7 of 12

7.Calculate the proportion of total automobile-related mortality in the exposed group in this sample that is:
a. attributed to driving speed (round to whole percent). _______%
b. attributed to DWI (round to whole percent). __________%

Question 8 of 12

Question 9 of 12

9.Calculate the population attributable risk for automobile-related deaths due to:
a. driving speed (whole number). _______per 1,000
b. DWI (whole number). ________per 1,000

Question 10 of 12

Question 11 of 12

11.Fill in the table below to summarize the measures of association and impact that you have calculated above. For summary and comparison reasons, list each response below rounded to the nearest whole number with no decimal places included.

Question 12 of 12

Table 1: Deaths related to driving speed:

Died Not Dead Driving in Excess of the speed limit 100 1,900 2,000 Driving within the speed limit 80 7,920 8,000 180 9,820 10,000

Table 2: Deaths related to driving while intoxicated (DWI):

Died Not Dead DWI 45 255 300 No DWI 135 9,565 9,700 180 9,820 10,000

Question 1 of 12

1.What is the overall motor vehicle related mortality risk in this sample (whole number)?_______per 1,000

Question 2 of 12

Question 3 of 12

Question 4 of 12

4.Compare the cumulative incidence ratio of death for driving speed with the cumulative incidence ratio of death for DWI status. What can you say about the strength of these associations?

Question 5 of 12

5.Calculate the risk difference for deaths:
a. by driving speed (whole number). ______per 1,000
b. by DWI status (whole number). ______per 1,000

Question 6 of 12

6. Explain your findings from question 5.

Question 7 of 12

Question 8 of 12

8. Explain your findings from question 7.

Question 9 of 12

9.Calculate the population attributable risk for automobile-related deaths due to:
a. driving speed (whole number). _______per 1,000
b. DWI (whole number). ________per 1,000

Question 10 of 12

10. Explain your findings from question 9.

Question 11 of 12

Driving Speed DWI Relative Risk ???? ???? Risk Difference ????? per 1000 ???per 1000 AR% ???% ????% PAR ?????per 1000 ???? per 1000

Question 12 of 12

12. Based on this summary information in question 11, what recommendations will you make about how to allocate funding to have the greatest impact on reducing automobile-related deaths?

Explanation / Answer

Q1) Out of 10000 people,

No of deaths=180+180=360

Out of 1000 people;

Overall mortality risk = 360/10 = 36

B)Out of 2000 people, 100 died due to excess speed

Chances 50 out of 1000 people

Out of 8000 people, 80 died within speed

Chances 10 out of 1000 people

Cumulative incidence ratio = (100/2000)/(80/8000)=5

C) Out of 300 people, 45 died due to DWI

Changes 45*10/3 = 150 per 1000 people

Out of 9700 people, 135 died due to non DWI

Changes 135/9.7 = 14 per 1000 people

Cumulative incidence ratio=

(45/300)/(135/9700)=10.77

D)Cumulative incidence ratio due to speed related cases is less than that of intoxicated case.

Thus risk ratio is more in intoxicated case which means chances of death are more for those who are intoxicated rather than those with excess speed.

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