l. Name the two purts of the common catabolie pahway (6 paint) 2. The process of
ID: 3166414 • Letter: L
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l. Name the two purts of the common catabolie pahway (6 paint) 2. The process of anabolism is (4 points) 3. In what organelle does the common catabolic pathway take place? (4 points) 4. What is the primary function of NAD" in the common catabolic pathway? (4 points) What two compounds get oxidized (lose hydrogen) in the common catabolic pathway (6 points) 6. In what part of the common catabolic pathway is CO2 produced? (4 points) What molecule is used by living systems as a "currency" for storing and transporting chemical energy? (4 points) 7. 8. During glycolysis what two 3 carbon fragments are produced? (4 points) Under aerobic conditions (oxygen) what molecule does pyruvate react with before it enters the common catabolic pathway? (4 points) 9.Explanation / Answer
1) Main topics: Catabolism of carbohydrates, fats, amino acids and proteins. The concept of specific andcommon pathways of catabolism. Thecommon pathway of catabolism: oxidation pyruvate and acetyl – C??.
2) Anabolism is the process by which the body utilizes the energy released by catabolism to synthesize complex molecules. These complex molecules are then utilized to form cellular structures that are formed from small and simple precursors that act as building blocks.
3) In which of the following organelles does the common catabolic pathway take place in higher organisms? a.Golgi bodies c. mitochondria b.
4) In contrast, the main function of NADPH is as a reducing agent in anabolism, with this coenzyme being involved in pathways such as fatty acid synthesis and photosynthesis. Since NADPH is needed to drive redox reactions as a strong reducing agent, the NADP+/NADPH ratio is kept very low.
5) Generally, degradative (catabolic) pathways cause the net oxidation of compounds,Here are two mnemonics to help you remember where the electrons go during redox reactions.
6) A core set of energy-producingcatabolic pathways occur within all living organisms in some form. Thesepathways transfer the energy releasedby breakdown of nutrients into ATP and other small molecules used for energy (e.g. GTP, NADPH, FADH). All cells can perform anaerobic respiration by glycolysis.
7) ATP in Living Systems. ATP functions as the energy currencyfor cells. It allows the cell to storeenergy briefly and transport it within the cell to support endergonic chemical reactions.Energy derived from glucose catabolism is used to convert ADP into ATP.
8) Glycolysis produces a total of four ATP molecules in the second phase, two molecules of ATP from each glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate molecule. The ATP is formed during substrate-level phosphorylation-direct transfer of a phosphate group from each 3-carbonfragment of the sugar to adenosine diphosphate (ADP), to form ATP.
9). Glycolysis is an anaerobic reaction (does not require oxygen) and in lowoxygen conditions it is the only source of ATP (eg. ischaemia, high intensity exercise). It occurs in the cytosol of the cell. Further aerobic oxidation of pyruvate and NADH to produce energy requires mitochondria.
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