QUESTION 1 A Whale’s Tale A population of killer whales lives of the coast Washi

Question

QUESTION 1

A Whale’s Tale

A population of killer whales lives of the coast Washington. Biologists monitored the size of this population since 1960. The figure below shows the estimated number of whales in the population each year.

Use this information and your knowledge of biology to answer the following questions 1-5.

1. The number of whales was more likely estimated by sampling than by mark-recapture.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 2

The shrinking population between 1965 and 1970 could have resulted from a decrease in the birth rate or an increase in the death rate.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 3

The growing population between 1985 and 1995 could have resulted from a decrease emigration or an increase in immigration.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 4

Between 2005 and 2008, the sum of the birth and immigration rates roughly equaled the sum of the death and emigration rates.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 5

The growth of this population would be described well by an exponential model.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 6

Bullying bluegills

A juvenile bluegill was placed in a tank with two compartments, where one compartment was warmer than the other. A researcher recorded the percentage of time that the fish spent in each compartment. The test was repeated several times with different water temperatures in each compartment. In this way, the researcher could determine which temperatures the fish preferred and which temperatures the fish considered too cold or too hot. The entire study was then repeated by placing two fish in the tank: the juvenile and an adult. The figure below shows the results of these tests—the small bluegill alone (top panels) and the small bluegill with an adult bluegill (bottom panels).

Use this information and your knowledge of biology to answer questions 6-10.

6. When possible, a bluegill prefers have a body temperature around 31°C.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 7

When competing with an adult, a juvenile bluegill will always have a lower body temperature than its preferred temperature.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 8

All else being equal, the carrying capacity of a lake would likely increase as more parts of the lake warm to 31°C.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 9

All else being equal, a juvenile bluegill will likely grow slower in a lake with many adult bluegills than in a lake with few adults.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 10

The growth of a bluegill population would be better described by a model without density dependence than by a model with density dependence.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 11

Competing critters?

Tree lizards are usually found on trees, while canyon lizards are usually found on rocks. Both species feed on small insects which emerge shortly after spring rains. One summer, a researcher removed tree lizards from two plots while leaving them present in two other plots. Populations on all four plots were monitored by marking and recapturing lizards. After several months, canyon lizards in the experimental plots started using trees as well as rocks. They also survived better and thus became more abundant in the manipulated plots compared to the control plots.

Use this information and your knowledge of biology to answer questions 11-15.

11. The number of replicates for each treatment equals the total number of lizards on both plots.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 12

Tree lizards likely compete with canyon lizards.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 13

Tree lizards limit the realized niche of canyon lizards.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 14

Since the two species normally coexist, the carrying capacity of tree lizards must be lower than the carrying capacity of canyon lizards.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 15

The two species coexist by spatially partitioning their environment.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 16

Toxic toads

A community of species in Australia include monitor lizards that normally consume birds or snakes. Since cane toads were introduced, these lizards have started to consume toads as well. The figure below shows the relevant relationships between some of the species; an arrow points from a predator to its prey. Unfortunately for predators, toads exude a toxin that reduces the survival of most animals that ingest it. In the years that followed the introduction of cane toads, 35 species disappeared from this community.

Use this information and your knowledge of biology to answer questions 16-20.

16. After cane toads were introduced, the number of crimson finches likely decreased.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 17

Cane toads would have positive and negative effects on crocodiles.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 18

Cane toads cannot have an indirect effect on Mitchell’s monitors.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 19

If fairy wrens compete with crimson finches, cane toads could have a negative indirect effect on fairy wrens.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 20

The cane toad is a keystone species in this Australian community.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 21

Schooling fish

Predators might learn to avoid can toads after experiencing the effects of their toxin. To explore this possibility, researchers fed tadpoles of cane toads to fish that had never experienced this prey. Another set of trout were fed the normal prey as a control. After this treatment, both trout exposed to cane toads and trout naïve about cane toads were offered tadpoles of a native species that fish routinely eat in nature. The number of native tadpoles remaining in the tanks were recorded for the next 120 h. The figure below shows the results of this experiment (see plot on the left). The experiment was then repeated exactly the same way, except after exposing some fish to cane toads and leaving other naive, both groups of fish were offered crickets instead of native tadpoles (see plot on the right).

Use this information and your knowledge of biology to answer questions 21-25.

21. After exposure to cane toads, fish avoided eating native tadpoles but readily consumed crickets.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 22

Without the second experiment, one could still confidently conclude that fish learned to avoid tadpoles.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 23

The results suggest that cane toads would have a positive indirect effect on native frogs and toads.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 24

The results suggest that cane toads would have a positive indirect effect on species that do not have a tadpole stage.

True

False

1 points   

QUESTION 25

The shift in behavior by exposed fish suggests a potential for adaptive plasticity under natural conditions.

True

False

1 points   

Explanation / Answer

this is really a long question,the answers are likely to be as follows please provide the figure required along with the questions

1.true

2.false

3.true

4.false

5.false

6.true

7.true

8.true

9.true

10.false

11.false

12.fals

13.true

14.false

15.true

16.true

17.true

18.false

19.false

20.true

21.false

22.true

23.true

24.false

25.true

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