Most cells in the human body are permanently arrested at the ____________ phase,

Question

Most cells in the human body are permanently arrested at the  ____________ phase, with mitosis occurring to repair injured cells as needed.

However, some cells, called  ____________  cells retain their ability to divide continuously throughout one's life.

These cells are found in many  ____________  organs and tissues, such as  ____________ , which is used to generate new  ____________  cells.

These cells are also used in  ____________  to cure illnesses and in  ____________  to create new individuals.

Explanation / Answer

Most cells in the human body are permanently arrested at the G0 phase, with mitosis occurring to repair injured cells as needed. Cells that do not complete cell cycle and are permanently arrested ahis stage and undergo differentiation to continue normal function according to the location of the cell.

However, some cells, called stem cells retain their ability to divide continuously throughout one's life. Cells that can differentiate into any cell type are termed as stem cells. They may be pluripotent as in embryonic stem cells or multipotent as in adult stem cells.

These cells are found in many different organs and tissues, such as bone marrow, which is used to generate new undifferentiated cells. An adult stem cell is thought to be an undifferentiated cell, found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organ. The adult stem cell can renew itself and can differentiate to yield some or all of the major specialized cell types of the tissue or organ. The primary roles of adult stem cells in a living organism are to maintain and repair the tissue in which they are found.

These cells are also used in stem cell therapy to cure illnesses and in cloning to create new individuals. Human stem cells are being used in cell based therapies. Stem cells, directed to differentiate into specific cell types, offer the possibility of a renewable source of replacement cells and tissues to treat diseases including macular degeneration, spinal cord injury, stroke, burns, heart disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Cloning to create new individuals is another research avenue offered by the stem cells, however any reasearch in this field is limited due to ethical implications of it.

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