-distinguish DNA synthesis enzymes from translation enzymes -how can you tell se
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Question
-distinguish DNA synthesis enzymes from translation enzymes -how can you tell sense from antisense DNA; what are some common motifs that appear on a sense strand? -why does the lagging strand lag? -what's different between gDNA and gRNA? -why don't prokaryotes use RNAi? -where does AUG go and what guides it there? -why not use RNA for storing genetic information? Viruses d -in the 1970s, introns were considered junk DNA whose only purpose was to keep gene regions separated; what do researchers now think its function is? how could you cure a protein-folding disorder?Explanation / Answer
1. The purpose of the complementation test is to decipher whether or not the the mutation in two different organism is present in the same genes or different genes. If the two mutations complement each other the organism will grow on the other hand if the mutations are in the same gene then the organism will not grow.
DNA synthesis enzymes:,
DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes a new DNA strand from the the existing strand.
Helicase: opens up DNA helix
DNA primase: forms a short strand of RNA at the start which is then extended by DNA polymerase as it cannot form Dr Novi DNA strand
DNA topoisomerase: removes tension in the helix as the helicase unwinds the DNA
DNA ligase: links the okazaki fragments together after replication
Translation:
Ribozymes: they attach mRNA and bring the tRNA with specific amino acid with codon anticodon interaction. It helps in formation of peptide bond synthesis between these amino acids for formation of polypetpoly chain
Aminoacy tRNA synthetase: charges/activates the tRNA before it attaches with the ribosomes
Peptidyl transferase: forms peptide bond between adjacent amino acids.
The lagging strand lags because the DNA polymerase doesn't polymerize in 3'-5' direction. The DNA primase reads the 3'-5' strand in fragments which is then extended by DNA polymerase. The RNA strand is digested which leave behind gaps that are filled by the DNA polymerase and ligated later by DNA ligase
RNA is unstable because it has 2'OH which is reactive. The 2'OH attacks the the phosphodiester bond I broken down. If RNA was to be the primary nucleic acid, they would be unstable and get degraded without maintaining a sustainable heredity
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