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An insurance company is thinking about offering discounts on its life insurance

ID: 3159803 • Letter: A

Question

An insurance company is thinking about offering discounts on its life insurance policies to nonsmokers. As part of its analysis, it randomly selects 200 men who are 60 years old and asks them if they smoke at least one pack of cigarettes per day and if they have ever suffered from heart disease. The results are as follows:

Total

not HD

HD

Smokers

56

37

19

Non-smokers

144

119

25

Can the company conclude (a = 0.05) that smokers have a higher incidence of heart disease than non-smokers?

Total

not HD

HD

Smokers

56

37

19

Non-smokers

144

119

25

Explanation / Answer

Formulating the hypotheses          
Ho: p1 - p2   <=   0  
Ha: p1 - p2   >   0  
Here, we see that pdo =    0   , the hypothesized population proportion difference.  
          
Getting p1^ and p2^,          
          
p1^ = x1/n1 = 19/56 =   0.339285714      
p2 = x2/n2 = 25/144 =   0.173611111      
          
Also, the standard error of the difference is          
          
sd = sqrt[ p1 (1 - p1) / n1 + p2 (1 - p2) / n2] =    0.070706249      
          
Thus,          
          
z = [p1 - p2 - pdo]/sd =    2.343139488      
          
As significance level =    0.05   , then the critical z is  
          
zcrit =    1.644853627      
          
Also, the p value is          
          
P =    0.009561116      
          
As z > 1.645, and P < 0.05, then we    REJECT THE NULL HYPOTHESIS.  

Hence, there is significant evidence that smokers have a higher incidence of heart disease than non-smokers at 0.05 level. [CONCLUSION]

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