For each of the following scenarios, select the test (from the choices below), t
ID: 3158314 • Letter: F
Question
For each of the following scenarios, select the test (from the choices below), that is most appropriate for analyzing the data.
a)Z-test
b)One-sample t-test
c)Independent t-test
d)Dependent t-test
e)1-Way ANOVA
f)Regression/Correlation
g)Chi-Square
1)Are people more likely to endorse positive rather than negative traits when describing themselves? Participants in a study are asked to rate (on a 7-point scale) the extent to which they possess various traits. Half of the traits they rate themselves on are positive traits and the other half are negative traits
2)Does caffeine help test performance? 90 participants are randomly assigned to one of 4 groups (no caffeine, small dose, medium dose, and large dose) and then asked to complete a GRE math section.
3)Do seniors study for fewer hours per week than freshmen?
.4)Is the average SAT math score of Hunter College students higher than the national average ( = 500, = 100)?
5)Do students’ GPAs tend to improve from freshman to sophomore year?
6)Do more depressed students (depression measured on a 50-point scale) have lower GPAs?
Explanation / Answer
1)Are people more likely to endorse positive rather than negative traits when describing themselves? Participants in a study are asked to rate (on a 7-point scale) the extent to which they possess various traits. Half of the traits they rate themselves on are positive traits and the other half are negative traits.
Since we are testing the proportion of positive traits, then we use a OPTION A: Z TEST. [ANSWER]
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2)Does caffeine help test performance? 90 participants are randomly assigned to one of 4 groups (no caffeine, small dose, medium dose, and large dose) and then asked to complete a GRE math section.
As we want to compare mean scores for 4 groups, then this has to be OPTION E: ONE WAY ANOVA. [ANSWER]
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3)Do seniors study for fewer hours per week than freshmen?
Since there are 2 independent groups that we want to compare means, then
OPTION C: c)Independent t-test [ANSWER]
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.4)Is the average SAT math score of Hunter College students higher than the national average ( = 500, = 100)?
As there is just one sample, and sigma is known, then
OPTION B: b)One-sample t-test [ANSWER]
[One can also use z test here if the sample size is large, but it doesn't tell us.]
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5)Do students’ GPAs tend to improve from freshman to sophomore year?
As likely, the same subjects are measured in freshman and sophomore years, then this is paired (dependent data), so
OPTION D: d)Dependent t-test [ANSWER]
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6)Do more depressed students (depression measured on a 50-point scale) have lower GPAs?
Since we would like to establish a trend here, then we use regression,
OPTION F: f)Regression/Correlation [ANSWER]
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