1. During an election, an exit poll is taken on 400 randomly selected voters and
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Question
1. During an election, an exit poll is taken on 400 randomly selected voters and 214 of those polled voted for Candidate “Jim”. A majority is needed to win the election. We want to see if we can conclude that the majority (more than 50%) will vote for Candidate “Jim” based on our sample proportion from the exit poll. In this scenario, the null hypothesis is that____
A) the population proportion of those voting for Candidate “Jim” is greater than .50 (50%)
B) the population proportion of those voting for Candidate “Jim” is equal to .50 (50%)
2. We are testing to see if a new drug is more effective in treating high blood pressure than the most commonly used drug. The drug used most often is known to control blood pressure in 75% of patients using it. The null hypothesis is that the new drug will control blood pressure in 75% of patients using it (the same as the most commonly used drug). The alternative hypothesis is that the new drug will control blood pressure in more than 75% of patients using it.
We would make a Type 2 Error if:
A) We conclude that the new drug controls blood pressure in 75% of patients using it when actually the new drug controls blood pressure in more than 75% of patients using it.
B) We conclude that the new drug controls blood pressure in 75% of patients using it when actually the new drug controls blood pressure in 75% of patients using it.
C) We conclude that the new drug controls blood pressure in more than 75% of patients using it when actually the new drug controls blood pressure in more than 75% of the patients using it
D) We conclude that the new drug controls blood pressure in more than 75% of the patients using it when actually the new drug controls blood pressure in 75% of patients using it.
7. Our hypothesis test is testing to see if there is a difference in the population mean between two groups. The data for each group has considerable variability. Given that there is considerable variability in the data for the two groups __________.
A) it will be easy to reject the null hypothesis of “no difference” with a small sample
B) it will be likely we don’t reject the null hypothesis of “no difference” with a small sample
12. Large payments to subjects for taking part in an experiment are unethical primarily because:
A) It is a form of coercion that reduces the freedom of choice about taking part.
B) It may cause the subject to give fake results so they can participate in other experiments
C) If this was a precedent, it would make experiments too expensive
13. In testing whether a new cold remedy reduces the average length of time that a subjects cold would last, a researcher plans an experiment with 25 subjects getting the new remedy and 25 getting a placebo.
A) It is more likely that the researcher can get a small p-value if she used fewer subjects
B) it is more likely that the researcher can get a small p-value if she used more subjects
C) It is more likely that the researcher can get a larger p-value by using a within subject design with less variability
Explanation / Answer
1. The null hypothesis is that____
B) the population proportion of those voting for Candidate “Jim” is equal to .50 (50%)
2. A type II error is the failure to reject a false null hypothesis. We would make a Type 2 Error if:
A) We conclude that the new drug controls blood pressure in 75% of patients using it when actually the new drug controls blood pressure in more than 75% of patients using it.
7. Given that there is considerable variability in the data for the two groups __________.
B) it will be likely we don’t reject the null hypothesis of “no difference” with a small sample
12. Large payments to subjects for taking part in an experiment are unethical primarily because:
B) It may cause the subject to give fake results so they can participate in other experiments
13. In testing whether a new cold remedy reduces the average length of time that a subjects cold would last, a researcher plans an experiment with 25 subjects getting the new remedy and 25 getting a placebo.
B) it is more likely that the researcher can get a small p-value if she used more subjects because with large sample size, its easy to reject null hypothesis.
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