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Under some circumstances a 6-point treatment effect can be very large, and in so

ID: 3133077 • Letter: U

Question

Under some circumstances a 6-point treatment effect can be very large, and in some circumstances it can be very small. Assume that a sample of n = 25 individuals is selected from a population with a mean of = 70. A treatment is administered to the sample and, after treatment, the sample mean is found to be M = 76. Notice that the treatment appears to have increased scores by an average of 6 points.

(a) If the population standard deviation is = 19, is the 6-point effect large enough to be statistically significant? Use a two-tailed test with = 0.05. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)

z-critical =

± z =

Conclusion (chose A, B, C, D)

A) Reject the null hypothesis. There is not a significant treatment effect.

B) Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is not a significant treatment effect.

C) Reject the null hypothesis. There is a significant treatment effect.

D) Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is a significant treatment effect.

(b) If the population standard deviation is = 5, is the 6-point effect large enough to be statistically significant? Use a two-tailed test with = 0.05. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)

z-critical =

± z =

Conclusion (chose A, B, C, D)

A) Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is a significant treatment effect.

B) Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is not a significant treatment effect.

C) Reject the null hypothesis. There is not a significant treatment effect.

D) Reject the null hypothesis. There is a significant treatment effect.

Explanation / Answer

a)

Formulating the null and alternative hypotheses,              
              
Ho:   u   =   70  
Ha:    u   =/   70  
              
As we can see, this is a    two   tailed test.      
              
Thus, getting the critical z, as alpha =    0.05   ,      
alpha/2 =    0.025          
zcrit =    +/-   1.96 [ANSWER]      
              
***************************************
Getting the test statistic, as              
              
X = sample mean =    76          
uo = hypothesized mean =    70          
n = sample size =    25          
s = standard deviation =    19          
              
Thus, z = (X - uo) * sqrt(n) / s =    1.578947368   = 1.58 [ANSWER]

****************************************      
              
As |z| < 1.96, we fail to reject Ho.

Hence,

OPTION B) Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is not a significant treatment effect. [ANSWER]

*****************************************

B)

Formulating the null and alternative hypotheses,              
              
Ho:   u   =   70  
Ha:    u   =/   70  
              
As we can see, this is a    two   tailed test.      
              
Thus, getting the critical z, as alpha =    0.05   ,      
alpha/2 =    0.025          
zcrit =    +/-   1.96 [ANSWER]      
  
****************************************
          
Getting the test statistic, as              
              
X = sample mean =    76          
uo = hypothesized mean =    70          
n = sample size =    25          
s = standard deviation =    5          
              
Thus, z = (X - uo) * sqrt(n) / s =    6   [ANSWER]  

**************************************  
As |z| > 1.96, we reject Ho. Hence,

OPTION D) Reject the null hypothesis. There is a significant treatment effect. [ANSWER]