A study done by the Ohio State University Medical Center examined whether or not

Question

A study done by the Ohio State University Medical Center examined whether or not taking an aspirin a day would help colon cancer patients reduce the chance of getting subsequent colon polyps. 635 patients with colon cancer participated; 317 of them were randomly assigned to the aspirin group, and the other 318 patients were assigned to a placebo (non-aspirin) group. 54 patients in the aspirin group developed subsequent polyps, compared to 86 patients in the non-aspirin group. Many confounding variables were controlled for in this well-designed randomized experiment. For colon cancer patients who take an aspirin a day, what is the expected rate (i.e. probability) for developing subsequent polyps? Select one: a. 54/140 b None of the above C. 54/635 d. 54/317

Explanation / Answer

54 patients took aspirin and developed polyps among 317 patients. Therefore, required probability is 54/317=0.170..

Option d.

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