1. A cohort study is conducted to assess the association between clinical charac

Question

1. A cohort study is conducted to assess the association between clinical characteristics and the risk of stroke. The study involves n=1,250 participants who are free of stroke at the study start. Each participant is assessed at study start (baseline) and every year thereafter for five years. The following table displays data on hypertension status measured at baseline and hypertension status measured two years later. 2 Years: Not Hypertensive 2 Years: Hypertensive Baseline: Not Hypertensive 850 148 Baseline: Hypertensive 45 207 Compute the prevalence of hypertension at baseline. Prevalence = ________ Compute the prevalence of hypertension at 2 years. Prevalence = ________ Compute the cumulative incidence of hypertension over 2 years. Incidence = ________

Explanation / Answer

A. The prevalence of hypertension at baseline: 45+207=252/1250=0.2016=20.16%

B. The prevalence of hypertension at 2 years: 148+207=355/1250= 0.284=28.40%

C. The cumulative Incidence of hypertension over 2 years: 148/998=0.1483=14.83%

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