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1) A) The label of a certain brand of 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies states that

ID: 3127466 • Letter: 1

Question

1) A) The label of a certain brand of 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies states that the cookies contain 100 calories. To make sure that the claim is not exceeded, a quality engineer routinely samples their cookies and checks the calorie content. A random sample of 14 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies resulted in the following calorie amounts:

90 115 140 130 115 145 150
90 110 130 125 110 100   135

Assume that is known to equal 24.12 and the calorie amounts are Normally distributed.

STATE:
At the = 0.05 level, is there sufficient evidence to conclude that the average calorie content of 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies produced by this brand is greater than 100 calories?

PLAN: Perform a test of significance for a population mean ( known). Set = 0.05.

What are the appropriate hypotheses for this procedure?

a. H0: = 100 calories and Ha: > 100 calories

b. H0:  x = 100 calories and Ha: x > 100 calories

c. H0: = 100 calories and Ha: 100 calories

d. H0:  x = 100 calories and Ha: x 100 calories

e. H0: = 100 calories and Ha: < 100 calories

f. H0:  x = 100 calories and Ha: x < 100 calories

B)What is the parameter of interest in this study?

a. The true mean calorie amount of all 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies produced by this brand.

b. The true mean calorie amount of the sample of 14 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies produced by this brand.

c. The mean calorie amount of all 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies produced by all brands.

d. The true mean number of chocolate chips in all 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies produced by all brands.

C) In the SOLVE step of the procedure we must first check the conditions:

Randomization, Normality of the Sampling Distribution of x, and Known.

Are these conditions met? Why or why not?

a. Randomization is met because a random sample was taken from chocolate chip cookies made by this brand. Normality of the Sampling Distribution of x is met because it is given that calorie amounts are Normally distributed. Known is met as we have = 24.12.

b. Randomization is not met because a random sample was not taken from all chocolate chip cookies made by all brands. Normality of the Sampling Distribution of x is met because it is given that calorie amount is Normally distributed. Known is met as we have = 24.12.

c. Randomization is not met because a random sample was not taken from all chocolate chip cookies made by all brands. Normality of the Sampling Distribution of x is not met because the plot of the histogram of calorie amount is left-skewed. Known is met as we have = 24.12.

d. Randomization is met because a random sample was taken from all chocolate chip cookies made by all brands. Normality of the Sampling Distribution of x is not met because the plot of the histogram of calorie amount is left-skewed. Known is met as we have = 24.12.

D)The SOLVE step of the procedure yielded an x = 120.35714. What is the proper z-statistic for this test?

a. z = 3.16

b. z = 3.05

c. z = 2.87

d. z = -1.93

e. z = -3.16

E) As part of the SOLVE step, suppose the z-statistic was 3.22, what would the proper p-value be for this test?

a. 0.0006

b. 0.9994

c. 0.0012

d. < 0.0001

F)If the p-value for the test was 0.0042 (it's not) what would you conclude at the = 0.05 significance level, in context?

a. Since the p-value for this test (0.0042) was less than the 5% significance level, we have sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the true mean calorie amount of all 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies produced by this brand is greater than 100 calories.

b. Since the p-value for this test (0.0042) was less than the 5% significance level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis, so we do not have sufficient evidence to conclude that the true mean calorie amount of all 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies produced by this brand is greater than 100 calories.

c. Since the p-value for this test (0.0042) was greater than the 5% significance level, we have sufficient evidence to conclude that the true mean calorie amount of all 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies produced by this brand is greater than 100 calories.

d. Since the p-value for this test (0.0042) was less than the 5% significance level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis, we have sufficient evidence to conclude that the true mean calorie amount of all 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies produced by this brand is greater than 100 calories.

Explanation / Answer

A.

a. H0: = 100 calories and Ha: > 100 calories [ANSWER]

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B.

a. The true mean calorie amount of all 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies produced by this brand. [ANSWER]

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C.

a. Randomization is met because a random sample was taken from chocolate chip cookies made by this brand. Normality of the Sampling Distribution of x is met because it is given that calorie amounts are Normally distributed. Known is met as we have = 24.12. [ANSWER]

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D.

Formulating the null and alternative hypotheses,              
              
Ho:   u   <=   100  
Ha:    u   >   100  
              
As we can see, this is a    right   tailed test.      
              
              
Getting the test statistic, as              
              
X = sample mean =    120.35714          
uo = hypothesized mean =    100          
n = sample size =    14          
s = standard deviation =    24.12          
              
Thus, z = (X - uo) * sqrt(n) / s =    3.157937117 = 3.16 [ANSWER, A]

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e.          

If z = 3.22 for a right tailed test,

P = 0.0006 [ANSWER, A]

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f.

a. Since the p-value for this test (0.0042) was less than the 5% significance level, we have sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the true mean calorie amount of all 1-ounce chocolate chip cookies produced by this brand is greater than 100 calories. [ANSWER]