A new drug treatment for Disease Y has been developed. A group of patients with

Question

A new drug treatment for Disease Y has been developed. A group of patients with Disease Y were invited to take part in a test of the efficacy of the new treatment. After informed consent was obtained, the group was randomized into two parts, a control group and an experimental group. The control group received the standard treatment and the experimental group received the new treatment. The following data were obtained from the study: Number of patients cured by the new treatment = 557 Number of patients not cured by the new treatment = 36 Number of patients cured by the standard treatment = 585 Number of patients not cured by the standard treatment = 54 a. Create a 2x2 table for this data (5) b. Calculate the odds ratio of a negative outcome (no cure) for the new treatment (3) c. Calculate the relative risk (risk ratio) of a negative outcome for the new treatment (3) d. Calculate the relative risk reduction for the new treatment (3) e. Calculate the absolute risk reduction for the new treatment (3) f. Calculate the odds ratio of a positive outcome (cure) for the new treatment (3)

Explanation / Answer

a.) table: 557 36

585 54

b.) not cured/total = 36 in 593

c.)risk ratio = not cured/total = .0607

d.) relative risk reduction = (new risk - orginal risk)/original risk = (.0845 - .0607)/.0845 = .281

e.) absolute risk reduction = new risk - orginal risk = .0845 - .0607 = .0238

f.) cured/total = 557 in 593

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