Question 3(5 marks) The table below shows the results of cohort study on eating

Question

Question 3(5 marks) The table below shows the results of cohort study on eating fish and stroke cases Cases of Stroke 82 23 Non-stroke cases 1549 779 Total 1631 802 Never eat fish Eat fish daily Calculate the following: 1. Relative risk, interpret your answer 2. How much the incidence of stroke will increase or decrease if those who do not eat fish change their eating habits and begin to eat fish almost daily? 3. How much the incidence of stroke will increase or decrease is expected if everybody eats fish almost daily? 4. Depending on the results of this study, what is your conclusion about the effect of eating fish and incidence of stroke? Explain your answers

Explanation / Answer

Answer to question# 1)

Formula of relative risk is: Chance of having stroke when eating fish daily/ chance of having stroke when not eating fish

Chance of having stroke when eating fish daily = 23/802

Chance of having stroke when not eating fish = 82/1631

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Hence relative risk = (23/802) / (82/1631) = 0.5704

Interpretation; Since the relative risk value is less than 1, this implies that chances of having stroke for those who have fish daily are very less than the chances for having stroke for those who do not eat fish

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Answer to question# 2)

The proportion of those who get stroke and eat fish daily = 23/779 = 0.0295

The incidence of stroke for those who do not eat fish are = 82/1549 = 0.0529

Thus the incidence will Decrease = 0.0529 -0.0295 = 0.0234

Hence the incidence of stroke will decrease by 0.0234

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