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(06.02, 06.05 MC) In 2007, a study was conducted to compare two treatments for p

ID: 3058398 • Letter: #

Question

(06.02, 06.05 MC) In 2007, a study was conducted to compare two treatments for people experiencing a heart attack. In Atlanta, 300 patients were assigned randomly to treatments: 125 to treatment 1 and 175 to treatment 2. A total of 88 patients survived their heart attack: 32 in the group receiving treatment 1 and 56 in the group receiving treatment 2. A test of significance was conducted on these hypotheses: Ho: The survival rates for the two treatments are equal. Ha Treatment 2 produces a higher survival rate. This statistical test resulted in a p-value of 0.1150 Part A: What does the p-value measure in the context of this study? (3 points) Part B: Based on this p-value and the study design, what conclusion can be drawn in the context of this study? Use a significance level of a-0.05. (4 points) Part C: Based on your conclusion in part B, which type of error Type I or Type II-could have been made? What is one potential consequence of this error? (3 points) (10 points)

Explanation / Answer

(06.02, 06.05 MC) In 2007, a study was conducted to compare two treatments for people experiencing a heart attack. In Atlanta, 300 patients were assigned randomly to treatments: 125 to treatment 1 and 175 to treatment 2. A total of 88 patients survived their heart attack: 32 in the group receiving treatment 1 and 56 in the group receiving treatment 2. A test of significance was conducted on these hypotheses: Ho: The survival rates for the two treatments are equal. Ha Treatment 2 produces a higher survival rate. This statistical test resulted in a p-value of 0.1150 Part A: What does the p-value measure in the context of this study? (3 points) Part B: Based on this p-value and the study design, what conclusion can be drawn in the context of this study? Use a significance level of a-0.05. (4 points) Part C: Based on your conclusion in part B, which type of error Type I or Type II-could have been made? What is one potential consequence of this error? (3 points) (10 points)