Hello. Need help with the following assignment for Nursing Research. Understandi
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Hello. Need help with the following assignment for Nursing Research. Understanding Nursing Research: Chapters 9, 10, 11, and 12 Grove, S., Gray, J., & Burns, N. (2015). Understanding nursing research text w/ study guide package (6th ed). St. Louis, MO: Saunders.
Questions 1 - 9: Sample. (For help with these questions, refer to chapters: 9 & 12)
1. What sampling method or plan was used by the authors in this study?
a. Simple random sampling
b. Systematic sampling
c. Purposive (convenience) sampling
d. Network sampling
2. According to Grove, Gray, and Burns (2015), what are the potential biases of this sampling method?
a. This is a strong probability sampling method with very little potential for bias
b. This method is used when an ordered list of all members of the population are available, and provides a random but not equal chance for inclusion in the study.
c. This method provides little opportunity to control for bias because subjects are included in the study merely because they happen to be in the right place at the right time.
d. This method is specific to the individuals who were recruited and the information gained cannot be generalized to others who don’t share these types of experiences.
e. None of the above biases best describe the sampling method chosen by the author.
3. What was the final sample size reported by the authors for this study?
a. 1000 participants
b. 284 participants
c. 67 participants
d. 278 participants
4. Was a power analysis conducted? If so, which statement best describes the results of the power analysis?
a. The authors mention that a power analysis was conducted, and state that the low power level of 0.89 for the Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient is a limitation of the study.
b. The authors mention that an a priori power analysis was conducted, and 1000 subjects were
determined to be needed for the study.
c. The authors do not report that a power analysis was conducted.
5. Which of these statements would be considered to be inclusion criterion for the sample in the research article? (Select all that apply).
a. English-speaking
b. Have at least two year of experience in the ED
c. Work in the ED at least 8 hours per week
d. Be a member of the Emergency Nurses Association
6. Which of these statements would be considered to be exclusion criterion specifically identified by the author for the sample in the research article?
a. There were no exclusion criteria for the acquired sample.
b. History of depression/ mental health issue.
c. Patient injury to both hands or catheters placed in both hands.
d. Participants worked on the night shift.
7. What is the refusal rate for this study? (Hint: see page 253 in your text)
a. 716/1000 X 100% = 71.6%
b. 284/1000 X 100% = 28.4 %
c. unknown / cannot be calculated.
d. 0%
8. Which of the following would be accurate for the attrition rate for this study?
a. 722/1000 X 100% = 72.2%
b. 284/1000 X 100% = 28.4 %
c. unknown / cannot be calculated.
d. 0%
9. What was the setting for this research study? Briefly describe the setting and indicate whether it was appropriate for conducting this study.
a. The setting for this study was a partially controlled setting and was appropriate for this study’s research design.
b. The setting for this study was a natural or field setting and was appropriate for this study’s research design.
c. The setting for this study was a highly controlled setting and was appropriate for this study’s research design.
d. The setting for this study was not well described by the authors and therefore not appropriate for conducting this study.
Question 10 - 14: Measurement Methods. (For help with these questions, refer to chapters 10 & 12.)
10. Which one of these questionnaires, scales, or physiologic measures is used in this research study?
a. The Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL)
b. The M Technique
c. The National Fatigue Scale (NFS)
d. The Quality of Life Scale (QOLS)
11. How do the authors describe the CURRENT reliability of the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL)
a. Two follow-up emails were sent to potential participants.
b. they compared the odd and even questions on the test to determine their equivalence
c. a team of staff nurses was trained by the primary investigator to administer the questionnaire.
d. they tested the current group of subjects twice using the same questionnaire (test-retest reliability).
e. they computed a Cronbach’s alpha on the ProQOL that was administered to this group of subjects.
12. How do the authors describe the validity of the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL)
a. discriminant validity demonstrated that each subscale measured the same constructs.
b. evidence of validity from contrasting groups because they gave it to spouses of ED nurses.
c. Construct validity was established by Stamm (2010) by developing scores for the different levels of the ProQOL subscales.
d. The authors had experience with administering this questionnaire.
13. What types of questionnaires or surveys were used in this research study? (Select all that apply.)
a. The authors developed the Professional Quality of Life Scale.
b. The authors developed their own questions to ask about demographic information.
c. Interviews were reportedly used, but the authors do not explain what was included in them.
d. The authors report adding a few of their own questions at the end of the demographic questionnaire.
e. The authors used previously developed questionnaires or surveys to measure the study variables.
f. This study did not use any questionnaires or surveys.
14. Were any physiological measurements collected from the subjects for the purpose of this study?
a. Yes
b. No
Question 15- 16: Data Collection. (For help with these questions, refer to chapters 10 & 12)
15. Which one of the following best describes the data collection process used in this study?
a. questionnaires / surveys were completed via the telephone.
b. participants were given the questionnaire on enrollment in the study.
c. questionnaires / surveys were mailed to the prospective participants and returned in a self-
addressed stamped envelope.
d. nurse researchers interviewed the study participants in a focus group.
16. If there were more than one data collector for the study, would an estimation of inter-rater reliability be an important concept for the authors to report on for this study?
a. yes, and the authors reported their efforts to achieve inter-rater reliability.
b. yes, but the authors do not discuss any efforts to achieve inter-rater reliability.
c. no, the issue of inter-rater reliability does not apply here.
Question 17 - 19: Data Analysis. (For help with these questions, refer to chapters 11 & 12)
17. What descriptive statistics are used in this study? (Select all that apply).
a. mean
b. median
c. mode
d. standard deviation
e. z-scores
f. percentage distributions
18. What inferential statistics were used to examine the data obtained from the subjects? (Select all that apply.)
a. Pearson Correlation Coefficient
b. Factor Analysis
c. t-Test
d. Chi-Square
e. ANCOVA
f. ANOVA
g. stepwise multiple regression analysis
h. None of the above inferential statistics were used in this study.
19. What is the level of significance (alpha) set at for this study? (Hint: is there an alpha given under the Tables or specifically mentioned in the text of the article?)
a. .05 or 5%
b. .10 or 90%
c .001 or 0.1%
d. a level of significance was not specifically mentioned by the author.
Question 20-25: Researcher’s Interpretation of the Findings. (For help with these questions, refer to chapters 11 & 12)
20. There are several statistically significant findings in this study. Which of these statements from the article would be considered a significant and predicted result? (select all that apply)
a. ED nurses who exhibit higher CS levels and lower burnout levels have increased years in the profession, more years in the ED, and a higher level of education.
b. Younger nurses have lower levels of CF.
c. A positive work environment (manager support) leads to more satisfied nurses, (? = .292, p<.01).
d. ED nurses who work longer shifts (12 hours) have greater levels of CF compared to 8-10 hours.
21. Which of these statements from the article would be considered a non-significant result. (Select all that apply)
a. The older the nurse, the higher the level of CS (r=.260, p=.001)
b. There was no difference between years a nurse worked in the ED and level of CF.
c. A positive work environment (manager support) leads to more satisfied nurses, (? = .292, p<.01).
d. ED nurses who work longer shifts (12 hours) have no difference in levels of CF compared to 8-10 hours.
22. Which one of these statements from the article would be considered clinically important?
a. Manager support positively predicts the level of CS, CF, and burnout.
b. Younger nurses have better coping skills to combat burnout compared to more experienced nurses.
c. High levels of CS are a known factor for nursing turnover in the ED.
d. Six participants were removed from the study due to incomplete surveys.
23. Which statements below implied from the article would be considered a limitation of the study? (Select all that apply)
a. The researchers utilized a cross-sectional method in the research design.
b. The results indicated that there were low levels of CF in this group of ED nurses and can be generalized to all ED nurses in the United States.
c. A small sample size with a low response rate.
d. The intervention of the study did not yield the expected results.
24. Which one of these statements would be considered a statement regarding generalization of these results?
a. The results indicated that there were low levels of CF in this group of ED nurses and can be generalized to all ED nurses in the United States.
b. The survey was mailed only to ED nurses who were members of the Emergency Nurses Association (ENA).
c. A convenience sample of ED nurses enhances generalizability.
d. The use of a power analysis influenced the generalization of the results to all ED nurses.
25. Which one of these statements from the article would be considered a recommendation for future studies?
a. Research to discover why older nurses have less compassion satisfaction compared to younger nurses.
b. Future development of programs to help relieve the strain of caring in ED nurses.
c. This study demonstrated that a brief, inexpensive family oriented intervention is feasible in the ED.
d. Employ more part-time ED nurses.
Explanation / Answer
1)ans) systematic sampling.
2)ans) this method is specific to the individual Who were recruited and the information gained cannot be generalised to others who do not share these types of experience.
4)ans)the authors do not report that a power analysis was conducted.
5)ans)C work in the ED atleast 8 hours per week.
6)ans) there no exclusion criteria for the acquired sample
19)ans) option C.(0.001 or 0.1).
17)mean and standard deviation.options A&D.
15)ans) option D .the nurse researcher interviewed the study participants in the focus group.
18)ans) options- C,D,E,F. (tTest,Chi square test,ANOVA,ANCOVA)
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