A male is picked up by the police for stealing phones, but he claims he is innoc

Question

A male is picked up by the police for stealing phones, but he claims he is innocent and this is a case of mistaken identity. The case goes to trial and the judge informs the jury the accused is innocent until he is proved guilty. That is, jurors should find him guilty only if there is overwhelming evidence to reject the assumption of innocence. What risk is involved in the jury making a Type I error?

A. He is guilty, but the jury finds him innocent and he goes free.

B. He is guilty, and the jury finds him guilty, and he goes to jail.

C. He is innocent, and the jury finds him innocent, and he goes free.

D. He is innocent, but the jury finds him guilty, and he goes to jail.

E. A conclusion cannot be made based on the information given.

Explanation / Answer

Option D. is correct. "He is innocent, but the jury finds him guilty, and he goes to jail."

This is so because the risk of type 1 error is to reject true null hypothesis. Here, the null hypothesis is as below:

"The accused is innocent".

Now, the jury rejected null hypothesis even though it is true that resulted in type 1 error. Thus, the assumption of innocence is rejected by the jury, makes him guilty and he goes to jail.

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