Some traits of plants and animals depend on inheritance of a single gene. This i

Question

Some traits of plants and animals depend on inheritance of a single gene. This is called Mendelian inheritance, after Gregor Mendel (1822-1884). Each of us has an ABO blood type, which describes whether two characteristics, called A and B, are present. Every one of us has two blood type alleles (gene forms), one inherited from our mother and one from our father. Each of these alleles can be A, B, or O. Which two we inherit determines our blood type. Here is a table that shows what our blood type is for each combination of two alleles.

We inherit each of a parent's two alleles with probability 0.5. We inherit independently from our mother and father.

Samantha has alleles B and O. Dylan has alleles A and B. They have two children. What is the probability that both children have blood type A? (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

What is the probability that both children have different blood types?

Alleles inherited Blood type A and A A A and B AB A and O A B and B B B and O B O and O O

Explanation / Answer

There are four possible combinations of the alleles which makes 3 different blood groups.

probability of blood group A, P(A) = 1/2
Probability of blood group B, P(B) = 1/4
Probability of blood group AB, P(AB) = 1/4

Probability that both children have blood group A is given by, P(A)*P(A) = 1/2*1/2 = 1/4 = 0.25

Probability that both the children have diffent blood group is given by
P(A)*P(B) + P(B)*P(AB) + P(A)*P(AB)
= 1/8 + 1/16 + 1/8 = 5/16 = 0.3125

Hope this will be helpful. Thanks and God Bless You :)

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