1A) Please state 3 null and alternative hypotheses for this study. See figures b

Question

1A) Please state 3 null and alternative hypotheses for this study. See figures below to help formulate your 3 hypotheses.

1B) Based on the p values, would you retain or reject the nulls?

2) Identify the independent and dependent variables?

1A) Please state 3 null and alternate hypotheses for this study using tables provided to formulate the 3 hypotheses.

1B) Based on the p values, would you retain or reject the nulls?

2) Identify the indepependent and dependent variables?

SD, standard deviation. Table 3 VAS Score comparisons of the patients from the experi- mental and control groups Test VAS Score Experimenta Control Mean (SD) Mean (SD) F 1.81 (1-02) 218(140 3-241 0074 Pain measurement group group times Prior to CTR Immediately 3.85 (1-75) 5-60 (1.94) 31-337 0000 after the CTR 5 minutes 113 (0-95) 151 110 4730 003 C after the CTR SD, standard deviation; F, variance analysis; CTR, chest tube re- moval 6 Groups -Experimental 5--.. Control 2 Before CTR Immediately after CTR 5 minutes after CTFR Time Figure 1 Pain measurements of experimental and control groups. that in both experimental and control group the VAS score

Explanation / Answer

1A)

First Null and alternate hypothesis -

H0: Mean VAS Scores prior to CTR for experimental and control group are equal.

H1: Mean VAS Scores prior to CTR for experimental and control group are not equal.

Second Null and alternate hypothesis -

H0: Mean VAS Scores immediately after CTR for experimental and control group are equal.

H1: Mean VAS Scores immediately after CTR for experimental and control group are not equal.

Third Null and alternate hypothesis -

H0: Mean VAS Scores 5 minutes after CTR for experimental and control group are equal.

H1: Mean VAS Scores 5 minutes after CTR for experimental and control group are not equal.

1B)

P-value for first hypothesis is 0.074. At significance level of 0.05, p-value is greater than the significance level and we fail to reject (retain) the null hypothesis. We conclude that at significance level of 0.05, there is no significant difference in the mean VAS Scores prior to CTR for experimental and control group.

P-value for first hypothesis is 0.000. At significance level of 0.05, p-value is less than the significance level and we reject the null hypothesis. We conclude that at significance level of 0.05, there is significant difference in the mean VAS Scores immediately after CTR for experimental and control group.

P-value for first hypothesis is 0.031. At significance level of 0.05, p-value is less than the significance level and we reject the null hypothesis. We conclude that at significance level of 0.05, there is significant difference in the mean VAS Scores 5 minutes after CTR for experimental and control group.

2)

VAS Score is measured for different values of time. So,

Independent variable is Time.

Dependent variable is VAS Score.

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