abcde Week : Lab. Blöchemical lests Partl Videos: Carbohydrate/Sugar fermentatio
ID: 303087 • Letter: A
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Week : Lab. Blöchemical lests Partl Videos: Carbohydrate/Sugar fermentation The Urease Test The Gelatinase Test Starch Hydrolysis The Catalase Test Answer the following question a. Why do different bacteria ferment the same carbohydrate differently? b. What is the effect of the fermentation byproducts on the growing bacteria? c. Are fermentation reactions intracellular or extracellular? Explain d. How does proteolysis differ from hydrolysis and digestion? e. What is the essence of the catalase test?Explanation / Answer
All bacteria need an energy source for its metabolic and reproductive needs. The selection of an energy source/ carbohydrate and the procedure to utilize and degrade it, to produce ATP is entirely dependant on the set of enzymes they possess.
A) So the fermentation of the same carbohydrates by different bacteria differently depends on the set of the enzymes available with them.
B) The fermentation byproduct gives the growing bacteria with an electrochemical gradient which is ultimately used to form ATP the ultimate energy source. Some products like lactic acid can also give protection to the growing bacteria by decreasing the pH and thus inhibit the growth of other acid-sensitive bacteria.
C) In bacteria and yeast as well as in human muscle cells the fermentation process is always intracellular. In eukaryotic organisms like yeast fermentation takes place in the cytosol. In bacteria and fungi, it occurs in the cytoplasm
D) Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins. It is a catalytic reaction using proteolytic enzymes like peptidases.
Hydrolysis is the breakdown of the proteins by using water and extreme conditions which work as a catalyst. If the extreme conditions are not used then hydrolysis of the amide bond is a very slow reaction
Digestion: Digestion is the breakdown of the complex molecules into its simpler part to utilize it as an energy source.
E) Catalase test helps us to differentiate the catalase positive bacteria and catalase negative bacteria. Catalase is an enzyme which helps to neutralize H2O2 present in the surrounding. The presence of H2O2 could be very fatal for the bacteria. So, with this test, we can determine the presence of M.tuberculosis, Staphylococcus sp. and the Enterobacteriaceae.
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